II4 THE HISTORY OF CREATION, 
blossoms of the latter becoming differentiated into calyx and 
corolla. The sub-class of the Corolliflorz is again divided 
into two large main divisions or legions, each of which 
contains a large number of different orders, families, genera, 
and species. The first legion bears the name of star-flowers, or 
Diapetalz, the second that of the bell-flowers, or Gamopetalee. 
The lower and less perfect of the two legions of the 
Corollifloree are the star-flowers (also called Diapetalze or 
Dialypetalee). To them belong the extensive families of the 
Umbelliferze, or umbrella-worts (wild carrot, ete.), the Cruci- 
ferze, or cruciform blossoms (cabbage, etc.); further, the 
Ranunculacese (buttercups) and Crassulacez, the Mallows 
and Geraniums, and, besides many others, the large group of 
Roses (which comprise, besides roses, most of our fruit trees), 
and the Pea-blossoms (containing, among others, beans, clover, 
genista, acacia, and mimosa). In all these Diapetalz. the 
‘blossom-leaves remain separate, and never grow together, 
as is the case in the Gamopetalie. These latter developed 
first in the tertiary period out of the Diapetalze, whereas the 
Diapetalze appeared in the chalk period together with the 
Apetalee. : 
The highest and most perfect group of the vegetable 
kingdom is formed by the second division of the Corollifloree, 
namely, the legion of bell-flowers (Gamopetalz, also called 
Monopetalee or Sympetale). In this group the blossom- 
leaves, which in other plants generally remain separate, 
grow regularly together into a more or less bell-like, funnel- 
shaped, or tubular flower. To them belong, among others, 
the Bell-flowers and Convolvulus, Primroses and Heaths, 
Gentian and Honeysuckle, further the family of the Olives 
(olive trees, privet, elder, and ash), and finally, besides many 
