MAN’S PLACE IN CLASSIFICATION, 267 
which distinguish them from Marsupials and from Cloacals. 
Finally, of the two main groups of placental Mammals, 
the Deciduata and the Indeciduata, the group of Deciduata 
doubtless includes Man. For the human embryo is de- 
veloped with a genuine decidua, and is thus absolutely 
distinguished from all the Indeciduata. Among the 
Deciduata we distinguish two legions, the Zonoplacentalia, 
with girdle-shaped placenta (Beasts of Prey and Pseudo- 
hoofed animals), and the Discoplacentalia, with disc-shaped 
placenta (all the remaining Deciduata). Man possesses a 
dise-shaped placenta, like all Discoplacentalia ; and thus our 
next question must be, What is man’s position in this 
group 4 | 
In the last chapter we distinguished the following five 
orders of Discoplacentalia: (1) Semi-apes ; (2) Rodents; (5) 
Insectivora; (4) Bats; (5) Apes. The last of these five orders, 
that of Apes, is, as every one knows, in every bodily feature 
far more closely allied to Man than the four others. Hence 
the only remaining question now is, whether, in the system 
of animals, Man is to be directly classed in the order of 
genuine Apes, or whether he is to be considered as the 
representative of a special sixth order of Discoplacentalia, 
allied to, but more advanced than, that of the Apes. 
Linnzus in his system classed Man in the same order 
with genuine Apes, Semi-apes, and Bats, which he called 
Primates ; that is, lords, as it were the highest dignitaries 
of the animal kingdom. But Blumenbach, of Gottingen, 
separated Man as a special order, under the name of Bumana, 
or two-handed, and contrasted him with the Apes and 
Semi-apes under the name of Quadruwmana, or four-handed. 
This classification was also adopted by Cuvier and, conse- 
