274 THE HISTORY OF CREATION. 
tribution on the earth’s surface—that Man has developed 
out of the Catarrhint. For we cannot discover a zoological 
character distinguishing him in a higher degree from the 
allied Apes of the Old World than that in which 
the most divergent forms of this group are distinguished 
from one another. This is the important result of 
Huxley’s careful anatomical examination of the question, 
and it cannot be too highly estimated. The anatomical 
differences between Man and the most human-like Catar- 
rhini (Orang, Gorilla, Chimpanzee) are in every respect less 
than the anatomical differences between the latter and the 
lowest stages of Catarrhini, more especially the Dog-like 
Baboon. This exceedingly important conclusion is the 
result of an impartial anatomical comparison of the different 
forms of Catarrhini. 
If, therefore, we recognise the natural system of animals 
as the guide to our speculations, and establish upon it our 
pedigree, we must necessarily come to the conclusion that the 
human race is a small branch of the group of Catarrhin, 
and has developed out of long since extinct Apes of this group 
in the Old World. Some adherents of the Theory of Descent 
have thought that the American races of Men have de- 
veloped, independently of those of the Old World, out of 
American Apes. I consider this hypothesis to be quite 
erroneous, for the complete agreement of all mankind with 
the Catarrhini, in regard to the characteristic formation of 
the nose and jaws, distinctly proves that they are of the 
same origin, and that they developed out of a common 
root after the Platyrrhini, or American Apes, had already 
branched off from them. The primeval inhabitants of 
America, as is proved by numerous ethnographical facts, 
