MAN NOT DESCENDED FROM THE GORILLA. 277 
another less, and even we Europeans cannot claim to be 
entirely free from evidences of this relationship.” * 
I must here also point out, what in fact is self-evident, 
that not one of all the still living Apes, and consequently 
not one of the so-called Man-like Apes, can be the pro- 
genitor of the Human Race. This opinion, in fact, has 
never been maintained by thoughtful adherents of the 
Theory of Descent, but it has been assigned to them by their 
thoughtless opponents. The Ape-like progenitors of the 
Human Race are long since extinct. We may possibly still 
find their fossil bones in the tertiary rocks of southern Asia 
or Africa. In any case they will, in the zoological system, 
have to be classed in the group of tail-less Narrow-nosed 
Apes (Catarrhini Lipocerci, or Anthropoides., 
The genealogical hypotheses, to which we have thus far 
been led by the application of the Theory of Descent to 
Man, present themselves to every clearly and logically rea- 
soning person as the direct results from the facts of com- 
parative anatomy, ontogeny, and paleontology. Of course 
our phylogeny can indicate only in a very general way the 
outlines of the human pedigree. Phylogeny is the more in 
danger of becoming erroneous the more rigorously it is 
applied in detail to special animal forms known to us. 
However, we can, even now, with approximate certainty 
distinguish at least the following twenty-two stages of the 
ancestors of Man. Fourteen of these stages belong to the 
Vertebrata, and eight to the Invertebrate ancestors of Man 
(Prochordata.) 
* Weisbach: “ Novara-Reise,” Anthropholog. Theil, 
