300 THE HISTORY OF CREATION. 
developed in him than in the apes most like men. This 
differentiation of the fore and hinder extremities was, 
however, not merely most advantageous for their own 
development and perfecting, but it was followed at the 
same time by a whole series of very important changes in 
other parts of the body. The whole vertebral column, and 
more especially the girdle of the pelvis and shoulders, 
as also the muscles belonging to them, thereby experienced 
those changes which distinguish the human body from 
that of the most man-like apes. These transmutations 
were probably accomplished long before the origin of 
articulate speech; and the human race thus existed for 
long, with an upright walk and the characteristic human 
form of body connected with it, before the actual develop- 
ment of human language, which would have completed the 
second and the more important part of human development. 
We may therefore distinguish a special (21st) stage in the 
series of our human ancestors, namely, Speechless Man 
(Alalus), or Ape-man (Pithecanthropus), whose body was 
indeed formed exactly like that of Man in all essential 
characteristics, but who did not as yet possess articulate 
speech. 
The origin of articulate language, and the higher differen- 
tiation and perfecting of the larynx connected with it, 
must be looked upon as only a later, and the most 
important stage in the process of the development of Man. 
-It was, doubtless, this process which above all others 
helped to create the deep chasm between man and animal, 
and which also first caused the most important progress 
in the mental activity and the perfecting of the brain 
connected with it. There indeed exists in very many 
