TRUE NEGROES. 313 
on the east coast, the large human families of the Beschuans 
or Setschuans in the interior, and the Herrero and Congo 
tribes of the west coast. They too, like the Hottentots, 
have immigrated from the north-east. Kaffres, who were 
usually classed with Negroes, differ very essentially from 
them by the formation of their skull and by their speech. 
Their face is long and narrow, their forehead high, and their 
nose prominent and frequently curved, their lips not so pro- 
truding, and their chin pointed. The many languages of 
the different tribes of Kaffres can all be derived from an 
extinct primzval language, namely, from the Bantu lan- 
guage. 
The genuine Negro (Homo Niger) —when Kaftlres, Hot- 
tentots, and Nubians are separated from him—at present 
forms a much less comprehensive human species than was 
formerly supposed. They now only include the Tibus, in 
the eastern parts of the Sahara; the Sudan people, or 
Sudians, who inhabit the south of that large desert; also 
the inhabitants of the Western Coast of Africa, from the 
mouth of the Senegal in the north, to beyond the estuary 
of the Niger in the south (Senegambians and Nigritians). 
Genuine Negroes are accordingly confined between the 
equator and the Tropic of Capricorn, and only a small por- 
tion of the Tibu tribe in the east have gone beyond this 
boundary. The Negro species has spread within this zone, 
coming from the east. The colour of the skin of genuine 
negroes is always more or less of a pure black. Their 
skin is velvety to the touch, and characterised by a 
peculiar offensive exhalation. Although Negroes agree with 
Kaffres in the formation of the woolly hair of the head, 
yet they differ essentially in the formation of their face. 
