314 THE HISTORY OF CREATION, 
Their forehead is flatter and lower, their nose broad and 
thick, not prominent, their lips large and protruding, and — 
their chin very short. Genuine Negroes are moreover dis- 
tinguished by very thin calves and very long arms. This 
species of men must have branched into many separate 
tribes at a very early period, for their numerous ‘and 
entirely distinct languages can in no way be traced to one 
primeval language. 
To the four woolly-haired species of men just discussed, 
straight-haired men (Homines Lissotrichi) stand in strong 
contrast, as another main branch of the genus. Five of the 
eight species of the latter, as we have seen, can be com- 
prised as stiff-haired (Euthycomi) and three as curly-haired 
(Euplocomi). We shall in the first place consider the 
former, which includes the primeval inhabitants of the 
greater part of Asia and the whole of America. 
The lowest stage of all straight-haired men, and on the 
whole perhaps of all the still living human species, is oceu- 
pied by the Australian, or Austral-negro (Homo Australis). 
This species seems to be exclusively confined to the large 
island of Australia; it resembles the genuine African Negro 
by its black or brownish black hair, and the offensive smell 
of the skin, by its very slanting teeth and long-headed form 
of skull, the receding forehead, broad nose, protruding lips, 
and also by the entire absence of calves. On the other hand 
Australians differ from genuine Negroes as well as from 
their nearest neighbours the Papuans, by the much weaker 
and more delicate structure of their bones, and more 
especially by the formation of the hair of their heads, which 
is not woolly and frizzled, but either quite lank or only 
slightly curled. The very low stage of bodily and mental 
