THE MEDITERRANESE. 321 
The oval formation of their faces approaches more to the 
Mediterranean than to the Negro type. Their forehead is 
high and broad, their nose prominent and not flat, their lips 
not so protruding as in the negro. The language of the 
Nubian races seems to possess no relationship to those of 
genuine negroes. 
The Caucasian, or Mediterranean man (Homo Mediterra- 
neus), has from time immemorial been placed at the head of 
all races of men, as the most highly developed and perfect. 
It is generally called the Caucasian race, but as among all 
the varieties of the species, the Caucasian branch is the least 
important, we prefer the much more suitable appellation 
proposed by Friedrich Miller, namely, that of Mediterra- 
nean, or Midland men. For the most important varieties of 
this species, which are moreover the most eminent actors in 
what is called “ Universal History,” first rose to a flourishing 
condition on the shores of the Mediterranean. The former 
area of the distribution of this species is expressed by the 
name of “ Indo-Atlantic” species, whereas at present it is 
spread over the whole earth, and is overcoming most of the 
other species in the struggle for existence. In bodily as 
well as in mental qualities, no other human species can 
equal the Mediterranean. This species alone (with the 
exception of the Mongolian) has had an actual history ; 
it alone has attained to that degree of civilization which 
seems to raise man above the rest of nature. 
The characteristics which distinguish the Mediterranean 
from the other species of the race are well known. The 
chief of the external features is the light colour of the skin, 
which however exhibits all shades, from pure white or 
reddish white, through yellow or yellowish brown to dark 
