322 THE HISTORY OF CREATION, 
brown or even black brown. The growth of the hair is 
generally strong, the hair of the head more or less curly, the 
hair of the beard stronger than in any of the other species. 
The form of the skull shows a great development in breadth ; 
medium heads predominate upon the whole, but long and 
short heads are also widely distributed. It is only in this 
one species of men that the body as a whole attains that 
symmetry in all parts, and that equal development, which 
we call the type of perfect human beauty. The languages 
of all the races of this species can by no means be traced 
to a single common primeval language; we must at least 
assume four radically different primeval languages. In 
accordance with this we must also assume within this one 
species four different races, which are only connected at 
their root. Two of these races, the Basques and Caucasians, 
now exist only as small remnants. The Basques, which in 
earlier times peopled the whole of Spain and the south of 
France, now inhabit but a narrow tract of land on the 
northern coast of Spain, on the Bay of Biscay. The remnant 
of the Caucasian race (the Daghestans, Tschercassians, 
Minerelians, and Georgians) are now confined to the districts 
of Mount Caucasus. The language of the Caucasians as 
well as that of the Basques is entirely peculiar, and can be 
traced neither to the Semitic nor to the Indo-Germanic 
primeeval languages. 
Even the languages of the two principal races of the 
Mediterranean species—the Semitic and Indo-Germanic— 
cannot be traced to a common origin, and consequently these 
two races must have separated at a very early period. 
Semites and Indo-Germani are descended from different 
ape-like men. The Semitic race likewise separated at a 
