352 THE HISTORY OF CREATION, 
(1.) The paleontological history of the development of 
organisms, the gradual appearance and the historical succes- 
sion of the different species and groups of species, the 
empirical laws of the paleontological change of species, as 
furnished to us by the science of fossils, and more especially 
the progressive differentiation and perfecting of animal 
and vegetable groups in the successive periods of the earth’s 
history. 
(2.) The individual history of development of organisms, 
embryology and metamorphology, the gradual changes in 
the slow development of the body and its particular organs, 
especially the progressive differentiation and perfecting of 
the organs and parts of the body in the successive periods 
of the individual development. 
(3.) The inner causal connection between ontogeny and 
phylogeny, the parallelism between the individual history 
of the development of organisms, and the paleontological 
history of the development of their ancestors, a connection 
which is actually established by the laws of Inheritance 
and Adaptation, and which may be summed up in the 
words: ontogeny, according to the laws of inheritance and 
adaptation, repeats in its large features the outlines of 
phylogeny. 
(4.) The comparative anatomy of organisms, the proof of 
the essential agreement of the inner structure of kindred 
organisms, in spite even of the greatest difference of external 
form in the various species ; their explanation by the causal 
dependence of the internal agreement of the structure on 
Inheritance, the external dissimilarity of the bodily form 
on Adaptation. 
(5.) The inner causal connection between comparative 
