400 APPENDIX. 
that which assumes a double pithecoid root for the human race 
namely, an Asiatic and an African root. For it is a very remark- 
able fact, that the African man-like apes (gorilla and chim- 
panzee) are characterized by a distinctly long-headed, or, 
dolichocephalous, form of skull, like the human species peculiar 
to Africa (Hottentots, Caffres, Negroes, Nubians). On the other 
hand, the Asiatic man-like apes (especially the small and large 
orang), by their distinct, short-headed, or brachycephalous, form 
of skull agree with human species especially characteristic of 
Asia (Mongols and Malays). Hence, one might be tempted to 
derive the latter (the Asiatic man-like apes and primeval men) 
from a common form of brachycephalous ape, and the former 
(the African man-like apes and primeval men) from a common 
dolichocephalous form of ape. 
In any case, tropical Africa and southern Asia (and between 
them Lemuria, which formerly connected them) are those 
portions of the earth which deserve the first consideration in 
the discussion as to the primeval home of the human race; 
America and Australia are, on the other hand, entirely excluded 
from it. Even Europe (which is in fact but a western peninsula 
of Asia) is scarcely of any importance in regard to the “ Paradise 
question.” 
It is self-evident that the migrations of the different human 
species from their primeval home, and their geographical distri- 
bution, could on our Plate XV. be indicated only in a very 
general way, and in the roughest lines. The numerous migrations 
of the many branches and tribes in all directions, as well as the 
very important re-migrations, had to be entirely disregarded. In 
order to make these latter in some degree clear, our knowledge 
would, in the first place, need to be much more complete, and 
secondly, we should have to make use of an atlas with a number 
of plates showing the various migrations. Our Plate XV. claims 
no more than to indicate, in a very general way, the approximate 
geographical dispersion of the twelve human species as it existed 
in the fifteenth century (before the general diffusion of the Indo- 
Germanic race), and as it can be sketched out approximately, 
