CHAP. III. | THE CRUISES OF THE © PORCUPINE” 89 
the previous cruises of our little vessel under the 
command of Lieut. Hoskyn, R.N. The deepest 
dredging of this excursion was 1,230 fathoms, with 
a minimum temperature of 3°2 C., and a bottom of 
fine grey mud with a considerable admixture of 
sand. Animals were abundant even at this great 
depth : among the mollusca several new forms allied 
to Area; Trochus minutissimus, MigHEL, a North 
American species; and several others; several crus- 
taceans, and many interesting foraminifera. As in 
previous dredgings in deep water, the miliolines were 
of very large size, and the large cristellarians showed 
every gradation in their axis of growth from the 
rectilineal to the spiral. In the shallower dredgings 
of this cruise the general character of the fauna was 
much the same as before. It had what we have been 
in the habit of considering a northern ‘facies,’ but 
probably, as already explained, because the largely 
extended deep-water fanna at a temperature of 
0° to + 3° C., of which it forms a part, has hitherto 
only been investigated off the coast of Scandinavia, 
where it crops up within reach of observation. 
Limopsis aurita, Broccut; Arca glacialis, GRAY ; 
Verticordia abyssicola, JEFFREYS; Dentalium abys- 
sorum, SARS; Trochus cinereus, DA Costa; Fusus 
despectus, L.; F. islandicus, CHEM; F. fenestratus, 
Turt; Columbella halieeti, JEFFREYS; Cidaris papil- 
lata, LESKE; Echinus norvegicus, D. and K.; and 
Lophohelia prolifera, PAwLas, were found in these 
dredgings. 
The ‘Porcupine’ next put into Killibegs Bay, on 
the north coast of Co. Donegal, and coaled there for 
her trip to Rockall. As it was anticipated that this 
