cnar. v.] DEEP-SEA SOUNDING. 
ness, but I will say this for the 
‘Fitzgerald’ sounding apparatus 
that I never knew it fail; and 
we were obliged, unfortunately 
for ourselves, to try it fre- 
quently in very bad weather 
and under most unfavourable 
circumstances. The sounding- 
line ends in a loop passing 
through an eye in the centre of 
a bar of iron F. The bar ter- 
minates at one end in a claw 
and at the other in a second 
eye, to which a chain is at- 
tached. A scoop A, with a 
sharp, spade-like lip, is fixed to 
a long and rather heavy iron 
rod D, with an expanded rudder- 
shaped end to steady it in pass- 
ing quickly through the water, 
and beneath this an eye, which 
fits the claw of the bar r. A 
door B fits the scoop to which 
it is hinged, and it is also 
hinged to the arm c, which, 
when held in a vertical posi- 
tion, keeps it open. The arm c 
is attached by the chain to the 
eye in the bar Fr, and the arm ¥ 
and chain correspond in length 
to the rod p. Two teeth EE 
project from p, and on these 
are hung a heavy wel cht. Th e@ Fie. 41.—The ‘ Fitzgerald ’ Sounding 
Machine. 
