CHAPTER VI. 
DEEP-SEA DREDGING. 
The Naturalist’s Dredge.—O. F. Miiller.—Ball’s Dredge.—Dredging 
at moderate Depths.—The Dredge-rope-—Dredging in Deep 
Water.—The ‘ Hempen Tangles.’—Dredging on Board the ‘ Porcu- 
pine.—The Sieves.—The Dredger’s Note-book.—The Dredging 
Committee of the British Association.—Dredging on the Coast of 
Britain.—Dredging abroad.—History of the Progress of Be 
ledge of the Abyssal Fauna. 
Aprenpix A.—One of the Dredging Papers issued by the British 
Association Committee, filled up by Mr. MacAndrew. 
Up to the middle of last century the little that 
was known of the inhabitants of the bottom of the 
sea beyond low-water mark, seems to have been 
gathered almost entirely from the few objects found 
thrown upon the beach from time to time after 
storms, and from chance captures on lead-lines, and 
by fishermen on their long lines and in trawls and 
oyster and clam dredges. Even these precarious 
sources of information could not be used to the 
utmost, for it was next to impossible to induce fisher-. 
men to bring ashore anything except the regular 
objects of their industry. Even now the schoolmaster 
has scarcely made way enough to eradicate old pre- 
judices. Fishermen are often so absolutely ignorant 
of the nature of these extraneous animals, that it 
