CHAP, VI.] DEEP-SEA DREDGING. 267 
—through many years, by Mr. Gwyn Jeffreys, Mr. 
Barlee, the Rev. A. Merle Norman, and Mr. Edward 
Waller, and communicated to the Transactions of the 
Association from 1863 to 1868. The dredging com- 
mittees of the British Association, combining the 
pursuit of knowledge with the recreation of their 
summer holidays, may be said to have worked out the 
fauna of the British area down to the 100-fathom 
line, for the dredger is now rarely rewarded by a 
conspicuous novelty, and must be contented that the 
greater number of his additions to the British lst 
are confined to the more obscure groups. . 
Meanwhile some members of the dredging com- 
mittee and their friends who had time and means 
at their disposal pushed their operations farther 
a-field, and did good service on foreign shores. In 
1850, Mr. MacAndrew published many valuable notes 
on the lusitanian and mediterranean faunz; and 
in 1856, at the request of the biological section of 
the British Association, he submitted to the Chel- 
tenham meeting a general “report on the marine 
testaceous mollusca of the North-east Atlantic and 
neighbouring seas, and the physical conditions affect- 
ing their development.” ‘The field of these arduous 
labours extended from the Canary Islands to the 
North Cape, over about 43 degrees of latitude, and 
many species are recorded by him as having been 
dredged at depths between 160 and 200 fathoms off 
the coast of Norway. Subsequently, Mr. Gwyn 
Jeffreys went over some of the same ground, and 
made many additions to the lists of his predecessors. 
Nor were our neighbours idle. In Scandinavia 
a brilliant triumvirate—Lovén of Stockholm, Steen- 
