102 THE ORCHIDS OF NEW ENGLAND. 



culata, the " Heal-all" of Pennsylvania. Its glossy silver-lined 

 leaves, often nine inches across, lie, like those of H Hookeri 

 (the Small Round-leaved Orchis), close to the needle-strewn 

 ground, and the waspish green and white flowers are lifted from 

 one to two feet above then. " Many light-colored flowers," 

 writes Miiller, " which often grow in shady places, are inconspic- 

 uous by day but conspicuous by night (e. g. Platanthera). 

 These are chiefly visited by crepuscular Lepidoptera,* but in- 

 sects are excluded not so much by the color as by the situation 

 of the honey at the base of long, nar- 

 row tubes." 



The arrangements for fertilization 

 are substantially the same as those of 

 H. Hookeri. " The way," says Gray, 

 " in which the anterior (lower) por- 



Fig. 31. — Head of Moth, Sphinx 

 drupiferarumjaWh attached and de- tioil of the anther-Cells with the Com- 

 pressed pollen-masses of Habenaria . . . r . , , 



orbkuiata. bined arms of the stigma taper and 



Front view of flower of Horbi- pro j ect forward, so as to raise the 



culata, showing anther-cells and ex- r J 



posed viscid discs. discs on a sort of beak, a little in 



Disc and part of pedicel. (All 



from Gray's Botanical Text Book.) advance of the orifice of the nec- 

 tary, is well exhibited in Hooker's figure of this species (H. 

 macrophylld) in the Flora Bor. Amer., but the discs do not look 

 outwardly in the manner there represented. These, being 

 affixed to the stalk of the pollen-mass laterally, by that inter- 

 mediate body called the " drum-like pedicel " (here developed 

 perhaps even more than in H Hookeri) really look forward and 

 inward — in fact are so placed that they will be sure to stick 

 fast, one to each side of the head of a humble bee or of a large 

 moth that thrusts its proboscis down into the spur so as to 

 reach the nectar. As the divergent bases of the anther-cells 

 are so separated by the broad stigma that the viscid discs 

 stand nearly a quarter of an inch apart and the full-grown spur 

 is from one inch to an inch and a half long, it is evident that 



* Butterflies, moths, etc., that fly after sunset. 



