THE ORCHIDS OF NEW ENGLAND. 105 



fertilization is effected by the agency of large Lepidoptera and 

 I Iymenoptera. The movements of rotation and depression are 

 pretty slow but distinct." 



This species ranges Northwestward to Lake Superior, and fol- 

 lows the Alleghanies to Virginia, if not still farther south. I 

 have placed it, in the illustration, in unnatural combination 

 with H. psycodcs that the coarseness of the one may be com- 

 pared with the delicacy of the other. 



Three species of Spiranthes link July with August. 5. Roman- 

 zoviana bears, like S. latifolia, its flowers in three ranks and its 

 leaves at the base of the stem. Sepals and petals unite in a 

 close hood over the lip, the flowers have the odor of violets, 

 and there is in general a resemblance to the later 5. ccrnna. 

 A physician living in North-eastern Vermont writes me that he 

 has jumped from his carriage many a time, supposing he had at 

 last found this Spiranthes ; only to renew again his acquaint- 

 ance with S. ccrnna. 



This pretty flower has not been credited to New England by 

 the botanies ; but inhabits many of the cold upland bogs of our 

 three northern States. Its range, as given in the Report of the 

 Geological Exploration of the 4.0th Parallel, is remarkable. 

 " Maine and Canada to Lake Superior, the Saskatchewan and 

 Washington Territory ; northward to Unalaska and southward 

 to California and Colorado. East Humboldt Mts., 6,000 to 

 8,000 feet, July-Sept." It is a singular fact that this Orchid is 

 confined, in Europe, to a few bogs in County Cork, Ireland, and 

 Prof. Gray would have it that " these are merely the last or 

 among the last lingering stations of a species once common to 

 both continents." I accept this explanation more easily but 

 not more graciously than I do that given in " Colin Clout's 

 Calendar,'' in the chapter entitled, " Some American Colonists," 

 where Grant Allen affirms his belief that the seeds were carried 

 across the ocean by chance, at some remote period. Its origin 

 may be uncertain but not so its end ; for the last named writer 



