144 THE STRAWBERRY IN NORTH AMERICA 



run and encourage them to fruit perpetually." ^ But 

 northern growers who followed his system faithfully were 

 unable to secure the same results. In 1874 T. T. Lyon, of 

 Michigan, reported : ^ " Among the new native varieties 

 is Golden Perpetual, a curiosity, as it produces a contin- 

 uous crop till frost on the young runners, which fruit 

 before taking root. The berry is large and excellent.'' 

 Three years later, however, he described the berries as 

 "few and small," and no more was heard of this variety. 



One of the greatest disappointments was the Oregon 

 Everbearing, which was introduced in 1890 w^ith sweeping 

 claims. It was first exhibited at the Portland Exposition, 

 Oregon, during that year. This variety was a chance 

 seedling, supposedly of Triomphe, found by Seth Winquist, 

 of Russellville, Oregon, in 1882. In western Oregon it was, 

 in fact, more or less of an everbearer under certain cultural 

 conditions, but in most places it failed completely to meet 

 the expectations of those who had paid five dollars a 

 dozen for the plants. This variety was introduced into 

 France in 1894 and was valued there until the introduction 

 of the St. Joseph. The Repeater, introduced in 1900, 

 was another failure, so far as everbearing is concerned. 



The genesis of modern North American everbearers. — The 

 variety that marked the beginning of the successful cul- 

 ture of everbearing strawberries in North America was dis- 

 covered by Samuel Cooper, of Delevan, New York, in the 

 autumn of 1898. As related by him : " The Pan-American 

 strawberry was found by me in the fall of 1898, growing in 

 a row of Bismarck plants that I had secured from W. F. 

 Allen, of Salisbury, Md., and set the previous spring. This 



1 "Manual for the Cultivation of the Strawberry," by R. 

 G. Pardee, pp. 93-103. 



2 Proc. Mich. Pom. Soc, 1874, p. 270. 



