ENGELMANN—NORTH AM. SPECIES OF JUNCUS. 451 
the subglobose, mucronate, but never retuse, capsule is not 
yet formed. The seeds are very similar to the smaller ones 
of J. tenuis (0.22-0.23 line long), and have the same oblique 
white appendages, but they are coarsely lineolate, the meshes 
being about twice as wide as in the other species; the bulbous 
base of the stem, indicated by Chapman, is perhaps not 
always so well marked. Mr. Bebb remarks that about 
Washington, where it is abundant, the contrast in the color 
of the mature plants of this and the last species is quite 
striking; the latter becomes pale throughout, while J. di- 
chotomus remains dark green, and the ripe pods assume a 
mahogany color.—The northern limit of this species seems to 
be on the Chesapeake bay, whence it extends to Florida. 
25. J. Gerarpt, Lois. notic. (1810) p. 60, ex Kunth En. 3, 
352; Koch syn. Germ. 731, is well distinguished from J. 
bulbosus, Linn., which has never, I believe, been found in 
America, by the subterete stem, the much larger flowers, 
which. are as long as the capsule; by the large linear anthers 
and very short filaments, the long style, which is equal to the 
ovary, and by the larger seeds. These are 0.31—0.53 line 
long, while those of J. budbosus are only 0.23 line long; 
both are delicately lineolate.—It is a salt water plant, and 
is found in brackish marshes from the British possessions 
to North Carolina, Curtis, and Florida, Ware (J. Plorida- 
nus, Raf. in Hb. Durand); inland it has been found by 
Judge Clinton about Salina, Western New York; and near 
Chicago by Dr. Vasey. On the coast of New England it 
is well known under the name of “black grass,” and is cut 
in large quantities and makes pretty good hay (Oakes). 
26. J. Burontius, Linn.; this well known weed, found all 
over the globe, and, perhaps with the exception of J. sagi- 
noides, the only annual Juncus of our Flora, is most variable 
in its size, the size and disposition of the flowers, the propor- 
tion of inner and outer sepals, and the size of the seeds. The 
seeds are ovate, very obtuse, and commonly very slightly 
apiculate, and delicately lineolate; 0.15-0.20 line is their 
usual length; I have rarely seen them 0.22 1. long, and ina 
Galveston specimen have found them only 0.13 1. long. 
Only one marked variety has been distinguished under the 
name of fasciculatus, Koch, or fasciculiflorus, Boiss., appa- 
rently a southern form, common in our south-eastern States 
and in the south of Europe; it is also found in the interesting 
colony of southern plants near the Philadelphia navy-yard ; 
the last three or four internodes of the branches of the inflo- 
rescence are so much shortened that the flowers become 
crowded into false heads, which gives the plant a very pecu- 
liar aspect. 
