. 
482 TRANS. OF THE ACAD. OF SCIENCE. 
seu paucis (raro singulis) pluri-(12—20) vel multi-( 20-50) flo- 
ris fuscis ; floribus paulo minoribus; sepalis interioribus bre- 
vioribus plerumque acutis, exterioribus capsulam longe mu- 
cronatam squantibus ; seminibus ut supra.—J. xiphioides, 
Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 222; Gray, Pl. Hall & Harb. 1. ¢. 
Var. 6. macranthus: caulibus mediis (sesqui-bipedalibus ) ; 
vaginis in folia angustiora sensim excurrentibus; capitulis 
paucis multi-(18-40)floris; floribus majoribus fuscis ; sepalis 
fere equilongis, interioribus seepe obtusiusculis capsulam acu- 
tam zequantibus; seminibus majoribus obovatis abrupte api- 
culatis.—J. polycephalus, a. ex parte, Hook. Fl. B. Am. 1.¢. 
Var. «. triandrus: caulibus humilibus seu mediis (spitha- 
meis bipedalibus) ; vaginis in folia angustiora sensim excur- 
rentibus ; capitulis singulis paucisve multi-(15-30)floris seu 
pluribus pauci-(5-8 )floris paniculatis; floribus majoribus atro- 
fuscis 3-andris 5 sepalis equilongis seu interioribus obtusi- 
oribus subbrevioribus capsulam mucronatam sequantibus seu 
ea brevioribus; seminibus fere ut in var. a.—d/J. ensifolius, 
Wickstr. in Act. Holm. 1823, II. 1; Kunth, 1. c. 337. 
On the Pacific slope of the continent from southern Califor- 
nia to Unalaschka, extending eastward into the plains east of 
the Rocky Mountains. Var. a seems peculiar to the fertile 
lands of the California coast region: Monterey, H/aenke, San 
Francisco, Bolander, Kellogg, Hb. n. 93, Fort Tejon, Xantus. 
Var. 3 has been found on Monte Diablo, near San Francisco, 
Brewer, Calif. St. Surv. 388. Var. y, the large-headed form in 
the Rocky Mountains, from Oregon, Spalding, Lyall, to Colo- 
rado, Hall & Harb. 564, and N. Mexico, Fendler, 85%, Wright, 
1925, and into the plains, Saskatchawan, Drwmmond, and Ft. 
Riley, HZ. Engelmann; the small-headed form is of more south- 
ern origin—Arizona, Coues & Palmer, 70, N. Mexico, Wright, 
1923 in part, and west Texas, Lincecum. Var. 6 only in Una- 
laschka, H’schscholtz, on the “North-west coast,” Douglas, 
and in the Cascade Mountains, Lyall Var. ¢ from Unalasch- 
ka, E’schsholtz, Chamisso, Mertens, to the Cascade Moun- 
tains, Lyall, and the Californian Mountains, Bolander, Hb. 
n. 94; the panicled form, San Francisco, Bolander. 
This species, the type of the group of Hnsifolii, is as vari- 
able as any of its eastern congeners, and its extreme forms 
are as widely apart in size of stems and leaves, and of flower- 
heads, in their inflorescence and even in the number of sta- 
mens, and transitions between the different varieties are not 
wanting; but in flower and fruit they are remarkably uniform. 
—The flowers are 1} lines long, rarely a little smaller, and 
only in var. 6 and ¢ larger; the sepals are narrow, the outer 
ones always long-pointed, but the inner ones quite variable 
and often shorter; stamens scarcely more than half as long as 
sepals; seeds 0.23-0.26 line long and attenuate at least at the 
lower end, except in var. 6; their length is usually equal to 
