488 TRANS. OF THE ACAD. OF SCIENCE. 
tached to the living plant, but destitute of vitality. The 
buds are very short and ascending in the cespitose species, 
J. acuminatus, ete.; in the creeping ones they form shorter or 
longer stolons, fibrous (J. faleatus, J. pheeocephalus) or fleshy 
(J. scirpoides), and often bearing a bunch of leaves at their 
end; in J. nodosus the stolons form thin fibres, which bear lit- 
tle bulbs, and often a series of them, the source of the stems 
of next season (see Herb. norm. 74, where in many specimens 
the old withered stolons with the vestiges of the decayed 
stems of last season and the new ones can be seen). The 
species of the first section (Junct genuini) have stout hori- 
zontal rhizomas, and none stouter than the maritime species 
(J. acutus and Remerianus), which bear upright stems at 
almost every node, and not at the end like most articulati ; 
where the internodes are short, they become cespitose, where 
they are long the plants are called creeping; difference in 
soil and moisture, however, seem considerably to influence. 
the length of the internodes in the same species. 
Pag. 427. For “./. pallescens,” wherever that name is used 
for one of our species, read J. acuminatus ; for “var. frater- 
nus,” var. legitimus ; for “J. Buckleyi,” J. leptocaulis ; and 
for “J. saginoides,” J. triformis, var. uniflorus. 
Pag. 428. The “subgenus Juncelius” here and p, 436 must 
be cancelled. 
In J. pelocarpus and J. acuminatus the viviparous buds are 
the result of retrograde metamorphosis ; in other cases they 
may be produced by insects, and are then much larger de- 
generations, 
Pag. 430. It is evident, that the sculpture of the seeds is 
the result of the structure of both the epidermis and the next 
inferior layer of cells, which both together probably consti- 
tute the ¢esta ; in some species it is more one, in others more 
the other stratum, which gives character to the appearance of 
the seed. My investigation of these points is not sufficiently 
advanced to furnish definite results; but I may state, that, 
what I have, in common with other authors, designated as the 
testa, properly seems to be the epidermis only, consisting of 
a single layer of cells, always larger than those of the layer 
under it, and never transverse. In most species the epider- 
mis is thin, transparent, and closely adhering to the body of 
the seed; in others (J. Ramerianus, Balticus, arcticus, ete.) 
it is thicker, swells up when moistened and may then be de- 
tached; in others again, those with tailed seeds, it is quite 
thick and loosely adhering to the body of the seeds, so as al- 
*most entirely to obscure their proper sculpture. In the first 
two classes the cells of the epidermis are about as wide as 
they are long, and only in part correspond with the sculpture 
of the seed; they seem, however, to cause the markings des- 
ignated by me as “levissime irregulariter reticulata” (p. 482, 
