BY WHICH THE VINE IS INFESTED. 215 



Our cultivators do not complain of these insects, and know but little of 

 them, because the annual pruning which the vines undergo prevents 

 Iheir multiplication, as the Cocci can only live upon young wood, 

 while its epidermis is still tender. They are however sometimes very 

 abundant upon neglected vines ; and in countries where the vine is only 

 cultivated in greenhouses, they multiply extremelj^ whilst the other 

 enemies of the vine are there unknown*. But the vines in green- 

 houses are not attacked by the same species of Cocci as they are ex- 

 posed to in the open air. In the former situation they are attacked by the 

 Coccus Adonidumj-, not by the Coccus Vitis. If, as has been asserted, 

 this insect originally came from Senegal, it is not among the species 

 treated of by the ancients, who also could never have distinguished 

 from each other the various species of the Coccus, which is as much as 

 can be effected by the practised eye of the modern entomologist, aided 

 by a powerful lens, even since the beautiful and recent work of 

 M. Boyer de Fonscolombe upon these insects. This skilful naturalist 

 remarks with truth tliat there are no well-established limits between 

 the Kermes and the Cocci, between the Gall-insect and the Progall- 

 insects of Reaumur. He therefore makes but one genus of the Coccus 

 and the Kermes ; but this he subdivides into several sections, and the 

 Coccus of the vinej belongs to the section which is composed of spe- 

 cies Avhich at the time of laying have naked bodies, without any trace 

 of rings or members, and rest upon a very cottony nest. The Coccus 

 Adotiidum, or Kermes of the greenhouse, is also remarkable for the 

 white and downy substance which transudes through its skin, and 

 M'hich gives it a mealy aspect. 



The interpretation of the word TTiola, TJiolea, or Tholaath employed 

 in tlie Bible, which we considered at the commencement of these re- 

 searches, applies to the name Phtheir given to the Gall-insect by the 

 author of the Geoponics. It will be recollected that the result of our 

 long discussion upon this subject was, that Thola is employed in the 

 Bible to signify not only a worm, vermin, an insect or larva of an insect, 

 or an animal vile and despicable, but also an insect or larva of an in- 

 sect which infested the vine, and another plant, the name of which we 

 are unacquainted with, but which we know to have been a large tree, 

 because it gave an extensive shade. Indications so vague would not 



• J. Major, (Landscape Gardener,) A Treatise on the Insects most prevalent 

 on Fruit Trees and Garden Produce, 1829, 8vo, p. 112. 



+ Coccus Adonidum, Fabr. Syst. Jlhyngolor., 1 803, 8vo, p. 307. No. 4. Major, 

 as just referred to, p. 144, the Mcaly-Uug. 



J Coccus Vith; Boyer de Fonscolombe, /Inn. de la Soc. Enlom., vol. iii. p. 214. 

 No. 14. Reaumur, Mem. Imect., vol. iv. p. G2. pi. G. tigs. 1 to 7. Fabr. Syst. 

 Rhyngoior., p. 310. No. 4. Coccus rili.i vhiifera. 



