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ARTICLE V. 
A Description of the Chalk Formation of Northern Germany*. 
By Freperick Apoupu RomMER, Ampts-Assessor in Hanover, 
Member of several Learned Societies. 
[The author states that all the drawings of his plates were executed and 
lithographed by himself; and that great attention was given to the references 
to the localities whence the specimens described were obtained. | 
HAVING examined and described the several organic remains 
of the chalk formation in Northern Germany, it is my intention 
at present to give a brief description of the geognostic relations of 
that series of strata. To attain this object, the several individual 
deposits and mountain ranges of the chalk might be described 
separately, and the peculiarities of each might be enumerated in 
apposition ; but in this way it would be impossible to avoid 
innumerable repetitions; and I have thought it more advan- 
tageous to trace the several divisions of the chalk series through 
the whole of Northern Germany (the limits of which have been 
passed in this treatise, in the cases only of Maestricht and Heli- 
goland),—and to add, at the conclusion, a short account of the 
composition and stratigraphical relations of each separate range. 
I have in the present instance, as formerly with respect to 
the oolitic groups, compared the relations of the chalk observed 
in Northern Germany, principally with those which are exhi- 
bited in England, because it is only in that country that com- 
plete descriptions of them exist, and that the German chalk 
formation obviously more nearly resembles that of England than 
of any other region. But I have not on this account submitted 
the relations of this country to any unfounded limitation, as the 
evidence afforded by the fossils will prove. 
The Weald-clay formation, which has hitherto been described 
by other writers in connexion with the chalk, I regard as more 
nearly allied to the deposits of the Jura, from the various genera 
of fish and reptiles which occur in it. I have therefore in the 
* Being the Appendix to a work, entitled “‘ Die Versteinerung des Nor- 
deutschen Kreidegebirges,” (‘ The Fossils of the North German Chalk For- 
mation,’) published at Hanover, in two parts, 1840 and 1842 :—Quarto, 145 
pages, with 16 lithographic plates. ‘Translated by Mr. William Francis, and 
revised by Dr. Fitton. 
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