~ FORMATION OF NORTHERN GERMANY. 129 
of Bohemia near Toplitz; in Silesia only at Oppeln*. It would 
be of no interest to describe more minutely the slight peculiari- 
ties which characterize these various localities. 
Of minerals, the gray chalk contains calcareous spar and iron 
pyrites ; the latter frequently in spherical, ovate or cylindrical 
masses, from 1 to 3 inches (1”—3") in diameter. Sometimes, 
but very seldom, nodules, of the size of a fist or a foot, of 
a blackish hornstone, occur, as at Goslar. The sides of the 
fissures are for instance frequently coated with calcareous spar, 
The following fossils appear to be characteristic of the (planer) 
gray chalk-mar] :— 
Ceeloptychium muricatum. 
Micraster gibbus. 
Terebratula pisum. 
Inoceramus latus. 
striatus. 
Cirrus depressus. 
Bea Mantelliana. Turrilites costatus. 
Sc plicatilis. tuberculatus. 
leevigata, Scaphites zqualis. 
ornata. *-.-  costatus. 
at. pectita. “Ammonites Mantellii. 
Bas semiglobosa. -+- Cotte. 
Pecten Beaveri. Hamites plicatilis. 
-.. depressus. -».  ellipticus. 
Inoceramus Brongniarti. Baculites obliquatus. 
Ammonites are of frequent occurrence in the gray chalk. The 
most common is 4. varians, which however already occurs also 
in the (upper) greensand; the Twrrilites enumerated above, and 
likewise Terebratula pectita, appear to be confined to the older 
Strata, while the two Scaphites first occur in the central layers. 
Both the Belemnites of the upper divisions of the chalk are no 
longer met with in the (planer) gray chalk-marl, but we still 
find B. minimus in the lower beds. A very common fossil is the 
Plicatula inflata, which is readily distinguished, but it occurs 
also in the (upper) greensand ; the most frequent Echinoder- 
mata are Spatangus cor-testudinarium, Galerites albogalerus, 
Ananchytes ovata, and Cidaris claviger, which belong in com- 
mon to the (plner) gray chalk-marl, and to the younger divi- 
sions of the chalk. : 
* From the absence of fossils we have not been able to identify with certainty, 
as belonging to this division, the gray schistose marl at Neuenwiese, between 
Goldberg and Lowenberg; it may possibly be Keuper. 
VOL. IV, PART XIII. K 
