IN STUDYING QUESTIONS OF CHEMICAL MECHANICS. 351 
Ponderable pro- : aye Densities concluded 
portion of the Centigrade tem-| Densities ob- | from that of the pri- | Excess of the 
primitive syrup | _Perature at served, that of | mitive syrup, on the |observed density 
contained in the| Which all the | distilled water | hypothesis of a simple| over the calcu- 
olnkione densities were being 1, mixture by the lated density. 
&. observed. 3. formula (2.). 
° 
1-00000 +13 1309733 
0:829083 +13 1:24649 1-24377 +0:00272 
0:640603 +13 1:18235 1:17854 +0-00381 
0517879 +138 1:14331 1:13956 +0:00375 
It is seen, by the numbers contained in the last column, that 
the mixed system has always experienced a slight contraction, 
which at first increased with the proportion of water added, after 
which it became nearly constant; for the diminution effected on 
the last decimal figure in the solution most charged with water, 
supposing it to be relied on, is a result connected with this very 
constancy. In fact, the excess of the observed density over the 
calculated density, must always end by becoming null when the 
quantity of water added becomes infinite compared to that of 
the primitive syrup with which it is mixed; and this is what the 
formula proves; since «, being null, it then gives #=1. 
43. To complete these experiments, I determined experiment- 
ally the density of the crystallized cane-sugar, in order to com- 
pare it with the densities of this same sugar disaggregated, ex- 
pressed by the last column of the first table in the hypothesis 
of a simple mixture, which, from the constant direction of its 
error, should give this density rather too high than too low, 
With this view, having chosen a specimen of oil of turpentine, 
which I intended to employ as a medium, I first conveyed 
into it some very minute fragments of candied sugar, the con- 
figurations of which I had carefully remarked; and I found that, 
after having remained for several days in this liquid, they under- 
went no appreciable alteration, even in their angular parts. I 
then partly filled with small isolated crystals of the same sugar, 
a specific gravity bottle whose weight I had previously deter- 
mined, as well as the weight of the volume of water filling it at 
the temperature of 12° C., at which I operated. I took the 
weight of this mass of crystals; then I filled the flask with the 
essence of turpentine, taking care that no trace of air remained 
in their interstices, and I determined the total weight. I now 
emptied the bottle, and washed it several times with the essence, 
to remove all the particles of sugar ; after which I filled it com- 
