THE SCANDINAVIAN MOUNTAINS. 115 
some uncommonly beautiful ones some years since while they 
were digging the canal on the side of Ostra Dalelfven, by 
Gagnefs Grada. The canal was made where the river formerly 
had its course, and it was necessary to blast the rocks in order 
to make sluice-gates at the place where the river formerly had 
a fall of nine feet; several giant-caldrons were met with in 
the lower part of the fall from one to three feet deep, and some 
large enough for a person to stand up in. In each of these a 
large stone was always found, and sometimes several small ones, 
which have all been worn round, so that they all had a sphero- 
idical form with a smooth surface. On the course of the river 
lower down M. Berndtson (mining officer) found a similar stone 
of porphyry a perfect spheroid, and which probably had been 
worn away to such a degree as to have become too light to re- 
main in the giant-caldron. That these giant-caldrons have 
been caused by falls of water is unquestionable, and they are 
only mentioned here incidentally, and not as belonging to those 
which are to be adduced as evidence upon the point which we 
are now considering. 
The petridelaunian giant-caldrons are of another kind. These 
are seldom situated at the place of a waterfall, but are often 
on the brow of a hill where the petridelaunian flood has gone 
upwards. 
Such a giant-caldron, although inconsiderable, and only in 
the commencement of its formation, exists in the neighbourhood 
of Stockholm, on the side of a hill between Roslagstull and Al- 
bano. The petridelaunian flood has come there from the north 
over Brunnsviken, and has gone up over the steep mountain 
at Albano. On the western side of this mountain, near the 
present road, is a hole, the southern side of which projects a 
little, and consists of hard granite. Into this hole one or more 
boulder-stones had been conveyed, which could not be removed 
by the boulder-flood, as the projecting side prevented it, but 
continued to be whirled round by the flood, and thus formed 
the giant-caldron which has been partly destroyed in making 
the road. 
One of the finest giant-caldrons of this sort, and which has 
been formed in precisely the same way, is at Trollhitta, namely, 
the one in which several royal personages have carved their 
names. It is so large that it can comfortably contain twelve 
persons. It is situated so high on the mountain above the 
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