702 PLATEAU ON THE PHENOMENA OF A FREE LIQUID MASS 



This table shows, that for charges below 47 centims., the re- 

 lation between the respective lengths of the continuous portions 

 of two veins of water escaping, one from an orifice 6 millims. in 

 diameter, and the other from an orifice of half this diameter, 

 is far from being the same as those of the diameters ;. whence it 

 follows, that, under these charges, Savart's second law is not 

 satisfied. But it is evident, at the same time, that this relation 

 converges towards that of the diameters in proportion as the 

 charge is augmented, and that, under the charge of 47 centims., 

 it nearly attains it ; now according to what we have seen above, 

 under this same charge of 47 centims., the vein escaping from the 

 larger of the two orifices very probably nearly attains the eflfective 

 conditions of Savart's first law. The conclusions of the pre- 

 ceding section appear then to agree, as those of § 78, with the 

 results of observation. We shall now however see this agree- 

 ment confirmed by the results obtained with veins of water when 

 not withdrawn from extraneous influences. 



81. These extraneous influences, which consist of certain 

 more or less regular vibratory movements transmitted to the 

 veins, do not appear to alter the laws under consideration con- 

 sidered generally ; but they produce a curtailment of the conti- 

 nuous portions, and thus produce the same effect as a diminu- 

 tion of the diameters of the orifices, so that under their influence 

 Savart's laws begin to be realized with weaker charges. 



I have just stated that the complete laws which govern the 

 continuous portion do not appear to be changed by the extra- 

 neous influences in question ; this will be readily seen, when 

 for each of the series made by Savart under the influence of 

 these actions, in which series the orifices, the charges, and the 

 liquid are the same as before, we construct a table of the pro- 

 portions of the length of the continuous part and the square root 

 of the charge. Notwithstanding the slight differences arising on 

 the one hand from the irregularities inherent to the extraneous 

 influences, and on the other hand fi-om Savart always having 

 given the lengths in whole numbers, we shall see, that with an 

 orifice of 6 millims. the proportion still begins to diminish, and 

 converge towards a certain limit ; only here the limit is less, for 

 the reason 1 have given above, and the limit appears to be 

 attained under a less charge than 47 centims.; 2nd, that with 

 an orifice of 3 millims. the proportion is perfectly constant. 

 Hence the series in question may also serve for the discussion 



