326 pésitions to be examined. Dec. 26. 
POSITIONS TO BE EXAMINED. 
BY THE LATE DR FRANKLIN. 
Ie Att food, or subsistence for mankind, arises 
from the earth or waters. 
2. Necefsaries of life that are not foods, and all 
other conveniencies, have their value estimated by 
the proportion of food consumed while we are em- 
ployed in procuring them. 
3. A small people, with a large territory, may sub- 
sist on the productions of nature, with no other la- 
bour than that of gathering the vegetables and catch- 
ing the animals. 
4. A large people, with a small territory, find these 
insufficient ; and, to subsist, must labour the earth, 
to make it produce greater quantities of vegetable 
food, suitable for the nourifhment of men, and of thle 
animals they intend to eat. 
5. From this labour arises a great increase of vege- 
table and,animal food, and of materials for clothing ; © 
as flax, wool, silk, t@c. The superfluity of these is 
wealth. With this wealth we pay for the labour 
-employed in building our houses, cities, ec. which 
are therefere only subsistence thus metamorpho- 
sed. ; 
6. Manufactures are only another fhape into whick 
so much provisions and subsistence are turned, as 
were in value equal to the manufactures produced. 
This appears from hence, that .the manufacturer 
does not, -in fact, obtain from the employer, for his 
labour, more than a mere subsistence, including rai- 
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