Geographical Distribution of Acraea lycoa, A. johnstoni. 9 



echeria and A. alhimaculata, together with a synaposematic 

 approach to the confusa form of A. johnstoni, especially 

 developed at Kilimanjaro and on the Kikuyu Escarpment. 

 Throughout its range and variations lycoa presents a pale 

 discal area ia the hindwing, which, though varying from 

 white to yellow and showing a very ill-defined outline 

 in males from the extreme west, nevertheless has, except 

 in some examples of t\\Q fallax and Mount Kenia forms, a 

 well-rounded distal outline. In lycoa the basal spots of 

 the hindwing underside are almost always smaller and less 

 confluent than in johnstoni, though this feature is some- 

 what variable. A careful examination of the neuration 

 in lycoa and johnstoni, shows the following differences 

 (see' Plate II, figs. 4 and 5). In the forewing of the 

 former, the lower discocellular nervule is nearly always 

 rather shorter and lies in a more nearly transverse direc- 

 tion than in johnstoni. This feature is also subject to 

 slight variation. The hindwing cell presents a difference 

 in the two species, and owing to the pale colour of the 

 scales in this area the difference can be more readily seen. 

 In lycoa the cell has a generally broader and shorter 

 appearance than in johnstoiii. This effect is produced to 

 a great extent by the fact that the middle discocellular 

 nervule is outwardly more deeply concave in the latter 

 than in the former. This feature is fairly constant, and 

 is quite evident in the examples from Kenia referred to 

 above. The most conclusive test of specific distinction is, 

 however, to be found in the structure of the male genital 

 armature. I have made a large number of preparations 

 from examples occurring throughout the range of the 

 two species and from the different varieties, and have 

 also examined many others not actually dissected out and 

 mounted. The accompanying plate gives outlines of the 

 neuration, and also drawings of the male genitalia of lycoa, 

 johnstoni, and toruna. Fig. 1 shows the appearan'ce of 

 the first, and fig. 2 that of the second. The claspers are 

 for the most part shorter and stouter in lycoa than in 

 johnstoni. The penis is comparatively short, frequently 

 showing a kind of bilobed structure, and is not a con- 

 tinuous tube, but is widely grooved towards its extremity. 

 The uncus is comparatively very short, obtusely pointed, 

 and bears a small process on each side. In johnstoni the 

 penis is long and slender, it does not show a bilobed 

 structure, and though it is grooved like that of lycoa, the 



