120 Mr. H. Eltringham's Monograph of the 



A. hilttneri shows considerable variability in the size of 

 the spots, their position also is not quite constant. In 

 some specimens the margin of the h.-w. bears pale 

 internervular spots of the groi;nd-colour. On the under- 

 side, the h.-w. may be uniformly ochreous, the marginal 

 border being only a little paler than the rest. In other 

 examples the h.-w. hind-marginal border is pale greyish 

 white, the narrow black outer edge being very indistinct. 



The species is rare in collections, and I have been 

 unable to cjain access to sufficient numbers to decide 

 whether it exhibits seasonal dimorphism. Though 

 probably allied to A. petraca and A. ccpheus the male 

 armature is quite distinct. 



41. ACRAEA VIOLARUM. PI. IX, f. 3. PI. XV, f. 20. 



Acraea violarum, Boisduval, Voy. Deleg., 2, p. 591 (1847); 

 Wallengren, Rhop. Caffr., p. 21 (1857); Trimen, Rhop. 

 Af. Austr., p. 95 (1862) ; Staudinger, Exot Schmett, 1, 

 p. 84 (1885) ; Trimen, S. Af. Butt., 1, p. 141, pi. 3, 

 f. 4 (1887); Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc, p. 191 (1898); 

 Aurivillins, Rhop. Aeth., p. 95 (1898). 

 = nataliensis, Angas, Kaff. 111., pi. 30, f. 6 (1849). 

 Angola (Bihe, Calweha R., Caconda, Cubal R., Cambo, 

 Caquenje, Benguella) ; Cape Colony ; Natal ; Transvaal ; 

 Mashonaland. 



^. Expanse 50-56 mm. Wings dull brick red (probably 

 brighter in fresh specimens) spotted with black. F.-w. with a 

 narrow apical black tip extending very narrowly for a short dis- 

 tance along costaand along whole length of hind margin to hind 

 angle. Spots as follows : — On costa near middle of length of 

 cell a linear spot. In area 11 near end of cell a small oblique 

 quadrate spot, and immediately below this an elongate trans- 

 verse spot extending right across cell. A small spot on the 

 upper, middle and partly on lower discocellulars. Beyond cell 

 a discal outwardly convex (in some species nearly straight) bar 

 of confluent spots extending from costa to nervule 4. Beneath 

 this in 3 and slightly nearer margin a crescentic outwardly 

 convex spot. Three rounded subapical spots in 6, 5, and 4 

 lying almost in a straight line (occasionally a small additional 

 spot in 8), followed by a submarginal spot in 3, 2, and lb, the 

 last being doubled. In area 2 a reniform spot touching median 

 and nervule 2. Below this and nearer margin a large, often 

 gemminate spot in area lb, and in the same area a large trans- 

 verse spot nearer base and touching median and nervule 1. In 



