(er >) 
in the University Entomological Museum. In 1873 he was 
appointed Custodian of these Entomological Collections, and 
in 1874, Professor of Zoology in the University. At the 
time of his death he was a Director of the Naturhistorisches 
Hofmuseum. 
Brauer’s researches into the biology of the Oestridx led him 
to found the two great divisions of Diptera—‘‘ Cyclorrhapha ” 
and “Orthorrhapha,’ based upon the form of the pupa. 
Further researches into the metamorphoses not only of 
Oestridx, but throughout the Order, led to the publication, in 
1883, of a new “System of Diptera,” which, with certain 
modifications, is still considered to be the best as yet brought 
forward. 
Latterly Brauer turned his attention to the parasitic 
Muscidx (Tachinidx, ete.), and, in collaboration with Julius 
von Bergenstamm, published a work which marks a consider- 
able advance in the classification of these groups. 
The fundamental importance of Brauer’s discoveries in two 
such sharply contrasted sections as the archaic Neuroptera and 
the comparatively modern, highly-specialized Diptera, fitted him 
in a very special way to study the broad and difficult question 
of the classification of the Insecta. His conclusions (System- 
atisch Zool. Studien, SB. Akad. Wien. xci. Abth. i. 1885, p. 
374), “based upon recent advances in anatomy and em- 
bryology,” were adopted in Dr. W. Hatchett Jackson’s 
learned edition of Rolleston’s ‘Forms of Animal Life” 
(Oxford, 1888). The most prominent feature of Brauer’s 
classification is the splitting up of the Neuroptera into no less 
than 7 Orders out of the entire number of 17 adopted by him. 
An interesting discussion and criticism of the system appeared 
in Dr. David Sharp’s contribution to the Cambridge Natural 
History (Insects, Pt. i., London, 1895, p. 175). 
I have to thank Mr. J. E. Collin for much kind help in 
drawing up this brief account of the distinguished scientific 
man whose loss will be so deeply felt by biological Science 
throughout the world. 
The Fellows of this Society will feel, in common with the 
members of other associations occupying this building, deep 
regret at the sad death of the late Resident Librarian, Mr, 
