Observed in a tour through India and Ceylon. 87 
Calcutta, lat. 22° 30’ N. Near sea-level. 
December 4th—12th, 1903. 
Naturally one could not expect to turn up anything new 
at Calcutta, the capital of India, and long the home of De 
Nicéville, that martyr to science who met his death in the 
deadly Terai when in pursuit of his favourite butterflies. 
However, I determined in the few days at my disposal to 
get at any rate a sample of the fauna of Lower Bengal. 
The Eden Gardens, abutting on the Maidan and close to 
Government House, bear much the same relation to 
Calcutta as Kensington Gardens to London, and from their 
proximity to the hotel afforded a convenient collecting 
ground for odd hours. 
The Duranta was nearly over and the most attractive 
feature proved to be a hedge of Lantana in full bloom. 
These dissimilar plants both belong to the Verbenacew and 
are both natives of the West Indies, although the latter 
appears to have run wild in many parts of India. On that 
hedge Limnas chrysippus was in abundance, accompanied 
by ZL. genutia, which I had not seen since I was at 
Malakand, while numerous Zivuwmala limniace and Crastia 
core completed the company of the Danaids. I was able 
to confirm my Benares observation that the male of JZ. 
chrysippus has a slight but decided odour suggestive of 
cockroaches, which is perhaps stronger when the scent 
sacs on the hind-wings are opened, though of this I am 
not sure. On the other hand, the male of C. core has 
a faint scent that suggested to me rancid oil, or old lamps. 
So far as I could judge the scent is connected with the 
hind-wings but not with the very conspicuous genital tufts. 
At the Lantana flowers along with the Danaids were 
abundance of Swastus gremius, Fab., a somewhat dingy 
Skipper, also a few of the brilliant and conspicuous De/ias 
eucharis, The upper-side of the female of this species 
faintly mimics 7%rwmala; the male yielded on rubbing the 
wings a sweet flowery scent, which I was not at first able 
to describe, but later it struck me as resembling that of our 
domesticated Ganoris rape and suggestive of sweet-briar. 
Dr. Dixey informs me that scent-scales are very numerous 
in Delias. 
In the shadier parts of the garden together with numer- 
ous Lerias hecabe, one at least of markedly wet-season 
type, and many Yphthima hiibneri, Kirby, several Nychi- 
tona xiphia were found, which, as ever, reminded me of 
