Observed in a tour through India and Ceylon. 89 
of burrs, that curse of ‘‘up-country” collecting, though the 
unsuspected prickles of innocent-looking palms to some 
extent took the place of the latter. 
Some of the species seen near the centre of the city, in 
the Eden Gardens, were conspicuous by their absence, 
e.g. Limenitis procris, Precis lemonias and Hypolimnas 
MISLPPUS. 
The four common Danaids, Zirumala limniace, Crastia 
core, Limnas genutia and L. chrysippus, were not so 
common as might have been expected, probably owing to 
the scarcity of the flowers they love. In the last-named 
species I was able once more to confirm the presence of a 
distinct, but not strong, odour suggestive of cockroaches. 
A few Papilio polytes, both sexes, gave to the assemblage 
that air of distinction which the genus always has. Among 
the more sombre things, most frequent under the shade 
of groves, were a number of Mycalesis indistans, Moore, 
together with one JZ. perseus, Fab., which so far as observed 
have no “list” when at rest. In the shade also were two 
or three Melanitis ismene, Cr. Close down among the 
herbage together with Yphthima hiibneri there were flying 
large numbers of Y. philomela, certainly a gregarious 
species. 
Precis almana was noted and P. atlites, Joh., here came 
under my observation for the first time, but in poor con- 
dition ; it is then a rather ghostly-looking butterfly though 
a somewhat strong flier; this last is also true of A‘ella 
phalanta. A single specimen of my old Amritzar friend 
Luthalia garuda was observed, as before, to settle with its 
wings fully expanded and closely appressed to the ground. 
Hlymnias undularis was in abundance ; it is especially 
addicted to the characteristically Indian butterfly habit of 
flying into or through bushes, and even of flying about 
inside bushes. It is clearly gregarious, several specimens 
flying about and in one palm-bush, its food-plant. The 
male is very striking on the wing, and when settled, even 
though the under-side is somewhat leaf-like, it is yet 
quite conspicuous. The female, on the other hand, is on 
the wing a very fair mimic of Limnas genutia, but its 
flight is weaker. 
Catopsilia pyranthe and C. pomona were both rather 
common; Zerias hecabe was abundant, and, as usual, 
gregarious, 
In half-shaded spots an occasional Nychitona xiphia 
flitted slowly along close to the ground. rgolis ariadne, 
