92 Dr. G. B. Longstaff’s Notes on the Butterflies 
impossible to say what those that I passed over or missed 
were. 
In variety the Toliganj flies were disappointing, but, 
besides the above named, they included a very fine 
female Jxias pyrene, the sole Orange-tip seen at Calcutta; 
a few Catopsilia pyranthe; several LHrgolis ariadne ; 
Elymnias undularis, not common; plenty of that very 
distinct Blue, Neopithecops zalmora; a single specimen 
of Loxura atymnus, and plenty of Yphthima hiner, 
Y. marshalli, Y. philomela and Nychitona xiphia. 
The list is closed by “ Melanitis ismene, lover of darkness, 
as its name seems to say. It flitted about everywhere 
dressed in all the tints of fallen leaves, or, alighting among 
them, fell partly on one side and was one of them.” * 
I quote the words of E. H. A., that keen observer and 
telling writer. The few specimens that I saw that day 
were very dark and of the “dry season” form. A note 
made at the time says: “ This shade-loving species, which 
only flies for a very short distance and settles on the 
ground, has a ‘list’ to the right of 20-30°, making it very 
like a dead leaf.” 
A parasitic bee, Crocisa histrio, Fab., was caught feeding 
on the wing like a Sphinx. 
On December 8th, I visited the grand Botanic Gardens 
at Howrah, but it was too late in the day for many butter- 
flies to be about. I noted, however, Zampides celeno, Cr. ; 
Mycalesis indistans, Moore, a Delias and two or three Terias. 
Late in the afternoon, just before leaving the gardens, I 
noticed a few Limnas genutia fluttering about a palm-tree 
prior to settling down for the night. On looking carefully 
I noted on one of the huge leaf-stalks, some twelve or 
fourteen feet from the ground, a cluster of the butterflies 
hanging together like swarming bees. By pelting with sticks 
and stones the cluster was broken up and proved to consist 
of at least seven or eight individuals. Altogether there 
were perhaps twenty in and about that tree. This cer- 
tainly establishes for Z. genutia the character of gre- 
gariousness. Both Mr. 8. E. Peal and Mr. F. Moller told 
me that they had never seen such a thing. 
Darjiling, 27° N., alt. 7000 ft. 
December 13th—22nd, 1903. 
I set off to this celebrated hunting-ground with great 
* “A Naturalist on the Prowl,” p. 203. 
