Observed in a tour through India and Ceylon. 135 
it will be noted that this list includes no Zimnas, but 
does include two Tirwmala septentrionis, and two Papilios 
with conspicuous red “ warning marks.” 
In Ceylon a bird was seen to make a swoop at a male 
Catophaga paulina, but missed it. I may here add that at 
Yokohama, May 19th, 1904, I saw a dragon-fly of moderate 
size, Orthetrum japonicum, Uhbler, carry off a Blanaida 
goschkevitschit ; this is a butterfly resembling a very large 
Pararge megera ; it did not appear to struggle at all. 
Sideways attitude or “list” when at Rest. 
In December, 1878, Col. C. T. Bingham noticed this rest- 
ing attitude in a species of Melanitis, but the account was 
not published till many years afterwards.* EH. H. A.’s 
papers in the “Times of India,” which contaied a refer- 
ence to this habit in JZ. ismene (p. 203), reappeared as “ A 
Naturalist on the Prowl” in 1894. 
In the summer of 1903 Dr. Dixey and I noticed this 
habit in several British Satyrids at Mortehoe, N. Devon. 
In Epinephele janira the list may amount to 15°—30°; in 
LE. hyperanthus (G. B. L., 1894) to 20°; in Pararge xgeria 
and P. megera to 25°; but in Satyrus semele it reaches 40° 
or even 50°. This list may be to right or left in the same 
individual. The insects appear to settle in the upright 
position, then to draw the fore-wings partly within the 
hind-wings, and by a third distinct movement to throw 
themselves over to one side or the other. 
To the above insects having this habit I can now add 
the following Indian Satyrids :— 
Mycalesis indistans, slight list. 
Hipparchia parisatis, 20° to 30°. 
Aulocera swaha, 45° to 50°. 
In the last-named species the same individuals were 
observed sometimes to go over to the right, sometimes to 
the left ; one was seen to make three efforts, getting further 
over each time. <A specimen of H. parisatis was observed 
walking about with a list of 20°. 
To these observations I may add that at Yokohama, May 
19th, 1904, Blanaida goschkevitschii, a Satyrid like a large 
P. megzxra, was observed with a list of 40°. 
There is no doubt that this sideways attitude makes the 
insects less conspicuous when resting on a flat surface, but 
* See extracts from Col. C. T, Bingham’s Diary for December, 
1878, quoted in Trans. Ent, Soc., 1902, p. 368. 
