Observed in a tour through India and Ceylon. 137 
(1) The rape scent. Dr. Dixey and I have observed a 
slivht scent in Ganoris rape well compared by Mr. Selwyn 
Image to that of sweet-briar, though the comparison is not 
exact. Curiously enough I have been able to prove to my 
own complete satisfaction the existence of the same scent, 
or one scarcely distinguishable therefrom, in several 
Pierines, viz. Delias eucharis, Ganoris candia, Huphina 
nerissa, Catophaga paulina, and Belenois mesentina. 
I think it is confined to the male sex, but cannot speak 
very positively. 
(2) The brassicx scent. This is fainter than the pre- 
ceding; I compare it to violet-powder. It is confined to 
the male. This scent I did not find in any Indian 
butterfly. 
(3) The napr scent. Far the strongest, and quite 
unmistakable. It is by common consent compared to 
lemon-verbena, but it 1s not identical therewith. This I 
did not meet with in India, but it was unmistakable in 
the male of the Japanese Ganoris melete, Mén. [My 
specimens were of what Leech calls the Japanese spring 
form = G. aglaope, Motchulsky, = G. megamera, Butl.] 
It proved equally distinct in the male of G. oleracea, Harr., 
a North American form of nap. 
That three species of one genus have as many distinct 
scents, but that one of these extends to members of several 
widely-separated genera is very remarkable, and to me at 
least totally unexpected. I cannot help thinking that 
when these scents have been more studied and are better 
understood they may prove of great value in the solution 
of phylogenetic questions. 
(4) Several Danaids of different genera have a strong and 
distinct odour of a disagreeable character, very suggestive 
of acetylene. That it is possessed by the males I am 
certain, but cannot say whether it is confined to that sex. 
The species are Crastia core, C. asela, C. amymone (at 
Macao), Jsamia midamus (at Hong Kong), Parantica 
ceylonica, and Chittira fumata. A single specimen of 
Pademma kollarv had a somewhat similar odour. In 
several cases (in at least three of the above), the scent 
was so strong as to be distinctly perceptible when the 
butterfly was fluttering in the net (as it 1s indeed in the 
case of Ganoris napi). 
(5) Limnas chrysippus has a faint unpleasant odour like 
cockroaches, or musk-rats. I suspected it to come from 
