(sF [xlvi 
shown for the male, but it probably is so. I have seen male 
Vanessa following up the females in spring, but I cannot refer 
you to any observation of my own (or any one else’s) of the 
actual pairing.’ 
‘*One chief interest of these observations upon V. urtice and 
of Mr. Barrett’s upon P. cardui is the evident instinct to hide 
immediately before pairing and to remain hidden during the 
period of copulation. This instinct, which probably accounts 
for the deficiency in our knowledge on the subject, is readily 
explicable when we remember that the insects become motion- 
less, unaffected by disturbance, and thus an easy prey to any 
of their enemies.” 
Mr. A. J. Cuirry confirmed the President’s observations. 
In April 1908, during the Easter holidays at Huntingfield, 
Kent, he watched a pair of Vanessa urtice flying together in a 
part of a small wood where the trees were thin; the female 
settled on the ground and the male behind it with its head in 
the same direction. The male walked up from behind until it 
was almost touching it, and then commenced tapping the hind- 
wings of the female with its antenne. During the time the 
insects were remarkably tame, and allowed him to stand quite 
near them. The female from time to time flew away and the 
male followed, and they settled again and repeated the 
performance. He watched them for about forty minutes, 
hoping to see them pair, but they eventually flew away to 
another part of the wood. 
Dr. T. A. Cuapman exhibited two very interesting Erebias 
caught by the President on the Guadarrama (near Madrid, 
Spain) on July 25th, 1902. These were the only two taken, 
although others were seen. The elevation at which they were 
met with was probably about 6000 feet. Though taken to- 
gether and very much alike, they proved to be of two species, 
viz. L. evias and FE. stygne, both males. Dr.CHAPMAN remarked 
that they were the same two species which he found last year 
in Spain associated together and closely resembling each other, 
which is not their habit in Switzerland. Continuing he said: 
“Being single examples, we may fall into error, in assuming 
them to be typical of the forms of these species occurring in 
the Guadarrama, but no other course is open tous, The Zvias 
