v, vi] So) Na) 
kitchen sink, and was found by Dr. Longstaff to be stronger 
in the female than in the male. 
“‘ Papilio cenea, Stoll, ¢, has a similar odour ; less ‘ musty,’ 
according to Dr. Longstaff, than that of P. demodocus. 
“ Papilio lyeus, Doubl. 6, is occasionally scentless. <A 
few specimens were found by Dr. Longstaff to have an 
odour, more or less pronounced, which he describes as ‘ sweet, 
luscious, flowery.’ 
“A specimen of Papilio leonidas, Fabr. 3, had a scent 
which to my mind seemed like that of Z. chrysippus. Other 
specimens, however, all males, were described by Dr. Longstaff 
as having a ‘strong, sweet, “‘ white flower” scent, followed by 
something more spicy.’ 
‘‘ Lastly, it may be mentioned that the Geometrid Cartaletis 
libyssa, Hopff., which no doubt belongs to the synaposematic 
group headed by ZL. chrysippus, exuded when pinched a 
yellowish juice like that of an <dAcrxa. This juice was 
scentless. 
‘Tt will be observed that in some of these cases, e. g. in 
Mycalesis sajitza, the fragrance resembles that of the Pierines 
mentioned on a former occasion in being agreeable in character 
and confined to the male sex. The inference seems fair that 
odours of this kind are employed as a means of sexual attrac- 
tion and perhaps of recognition. Mr. Wood-Mason (Journ. 
Asiat, Soc. Bengal, 1886, Vol. LV, Part II, No. 4, pp. 343- 
393) found many years ago that the males of several Indian 
butterflies belonging to the genera Danisepa, Mycalesis, Lethe 
and Thaumantis, exhaled a pleasant fragrance of vanilla, the 
corresponding females being scentless; one species of Jfycalesis 
indeed received from Wood-Mason and de Nicéville the name 
of suaveolens on this account. These instances clearly belong 
to the same category. 
“The case is different with the odours of several Acreas 
and some Papilios, in which the scent has been found to be 
disagreeable or even disgusting. The possessors of such mal- 
odorous perfumes are generally such as we should on other 
grounds suppose to be distasteful ; and it is significant in this 
connection that these unpleasant scents are as a rule shared 
by both sexes, and indeed often show a marked tendency 
