MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 191 



titles are anmially shipped out of tlie county for this purpose. There 

 are minor uses to wliich tliis wood is put, and other uses are sure to 

 follow. It is largely iiscd for fuel though none is shipped out of the 

 county for this purpose. Considerable scrub pine timber is being cut 

 and sawn into lumber for liouse construction locally, and practically all 

 lumber used for tobacco hogshead staves is from this pine. Boards for 

 fencing are largely cut from scrub pine. It is the principal timber 

 used in locations where it comes constantly in contact with water, as in 

 flumes for conducting water to mill-wheels and in irrigation ditches. 



The scrub pine is a very prolific seed jiroducer. It requires two years 

 for the cones to mature, and the trees, having plenty of light, are gen- 

 erally loaded with cones which remain on the branches for three or 

 four years after maturity. Seeds are shed rather slowly, and, being 

 small, are easily wafted by the wind for considerable distances. Old 

 fields bordering a growth of scrub pine come up to this speciesi within 

 a few years. It forms a very dense stand, and, being tolerant of shade, 

 it does not prune itself of its lower branches rmtil it is twenty or twenty- 

 five years old. At the age of forty or fifty years the stand becomes more 

 open, and mixed with hardwoods. 



In locations where clear cutting is made and scrub pine is desired 

 for a second growth it is necessary to leave from 3 to 5 seed trees to an 

 acre. 



Red Juniper. — The red juniper is common in all localities and soils 

 in this county. It comes up in old fields where other reproduction is 

 tardy, and is especially conspicuous as a roadside tree throughout this 

 region. Long and regular rows have come up along roads and lanes 

 from seed dropped by liirds. TIio scarcity of .chestnut brings this species 

 into greater favor for fence posts and when the trees have attained a 

 diameter of 4 or -3 inches breast-high, farmers generally prune them of 

 their lower branches. Cedar posts sell with local dealers for about 

 $20.00 per hundred. 



The red juniper tlirives best in sandy and loamy, moderately moist 

 soil, but this county grows it in rather dry, sandv clay and gravelly soil. 

 It prefers sunny, open situations. In the forest this species remains 



