Ephies, Xyaste, and Eurycephalus mimicked Lycids with remarkable accuracy. In 

 tUri last-named genus one species, E. lundi, was a mimic, while another closely 

 related {E. cardinalis) exhibited a warning coloration of the most startling 

 character, an indication that the genus is distasteful and the mimicry Miillerian. 

 In addition to these, the Lycids were mimicked by a Clerid beetle, by numerous 

 Hemiptera and a Zygsenid moth, the latter from Singapore. 



The resemblance of certain Longicorns to the Rhynchophora was far more 

 evident than in South Africa, for not only was there a mimic ( Trachystola granulata) 

 of a Curculionid {Sipaliis granulatics), but there were species belonging to no less 

 than four genera mimetic of the BrenthidcB. These latter mimics hold their long 

 antennae extended forwards side by side, the tips only, or in some species the 

 anterior halves, diverging. Thus the rostrum of the Brenthid, together with its 

 usually short antennae, are represented by the long antennae of the Longicorn. 

 The Anthribid(e were mimicked by Longicorns of the genera Ereis and Cacia. 



A feature of both Rhynchophorous models and their mimics, and one very 

 unusual in mimicry, is the inconspicuous mottled colouring and the absence of 

 strongly contrasted tints. 



A very interesting Longicorn mimic of an Endomychid beetle (Spathomeles sp. 

 near turritus) was a rare species of Zelota as yet undescribed.. The curved 

 spine on the elytron of the model was represented by a brush of hairs on that 

 of its mimic. Experiments indicated that the Endomychida as a group were 

 distasteful, and large synaposematic sets of purplish black, yellow or orange 

 spotted species were found near Kuching together with several species of ErotylidcB 

 and a Pentatomid bug with the same general appearance. Another group of dark 

 Endomychids was rendered conspicuous by numerous spines (Ajuphisternus). 



Two groups of Longicorns were mimicked by other Longicorns belonging to 

 entirely diherent sections. The iridescent green Cerambycid(B of the genus 

 Chloridolum were closely resembled by two Lamiidce {Saperdince? genus, and 

 Chlorisanis viridis) and by the Cerambycid genera Xystrocera, Fsalanta, and 

 Leptura. Many genera and species of the banded Cerambycid Clytince were 

 very closely mimicked by Lamiidce and other Cerambycidce. This last case is of 

 peculiar interest, inasmuch as the (Jlytince are themselves perhaps the most con- 

 spicuou-i mimics of Hymenoptera to be found in the whole of the Longicornia. 

 All over the world their numerous species commonly present a black yellow- 

 banded appearance bearing a general resemblance to wasps, while mimicry of 

 MutillidcB, C'icindelidcp, and, in the allied Tillomorphince, of ants is also found. 

 When, therefore, we also find that this group itself furnishes numerous models to 

 other Longicorns we are driven to conclude that it is in some way specially 

 defended, and that its resemblance to Hymenoptera is Miillerian rather than 

 Batesian. 



The mimetic resemblance to the aggressive and active Cicindelidts was very 

 marked, examples being ati'orded not only by Longicorn beetles of the genera 

 ISclethrus and Collyrodes, but also by a Dipterous insect found flying together with 

 its model {Colly ris emaryinata) on Mount Seramba, December 189S. This is the 

 first example of the mimetic resemblance of a fly to a tiger beetle. The remark- 

 able Locustid mimic Condylodera tricondyloides (or a closely allied species) 

 described by Professor Westwood from Java was also rediscovered in Borneo, and 

 its habits fcr the first time observed. 



Indirect evidence that the mimicry of Cleridm is Miillerian rather than 

 Batesian is similar to that which pointed to the same conclusion in the Longicorn 

 Clytince. One Bornean species of a Clerid genus {Thanasivius) resembled a 

 Mutillid, another (genus near Tenerus) a Lycid, while a third, a species of Lemidia, 

 was mimicked by the Longicorn Daphisia pulchella. 



Among the Diptera a splendid black Myperechia (H. /era) was a beautiful 

 mimic of the abundant Xylocopa latipes, another example of parallelism with South 

 African bionomics. An allied species, Laphria sp. near Terminalis, was an 

 excellent mimic of Salius aurosertceus. Dipterous mimics of Hymenoptera are 

 extremely abundant in Borneo : remarkable among them was a species which 

 mimicked an ichneumon of the genus Mesosternus, The short antennae of the 



