107 



times so replete in fossil, shells, and zoophytes, as to possess no 

 distinctive uniform grain. 



The following analysis will serve to show the composition of 

 this rock, as found at the Wallpack Bend. 

 Specific gravity. — 26-94 

 Composition. In 100 parts: 



Carbonate of lime, - 89.52 



Carbonate of magnesia, - 1.45 



Alumina and peroxide of iron, 1.03 

 Insoluble matter, - - 7.00 



Moisture and loss, - - 1.00 



100.00 



Though it is not difficult, by close attention, to discern its 

 planes of stratification, and thence to recognise its dip, yet, like 

 all the calcareous and argillaceous strata within the State, it is 

 extensively pervaded by the system of cleavage planes, already 

 mentioned as traversing the rocks below it in the series. These 

 sometimes so efface all traces of the dip, as to compel the ob- 

 server to resort to a careful scrutiny of the position assumed by the 

 shells and other flattish bodies, whose larger diameters will com- 

 monly be found in the plane of the stratification. The average 

 inclination to the horizon of the cleavage planes is about 50°, their 

 direction being to the south-southeast, or south. 



An attention to these features of structure and stratification 

 will prove important in all cases where quarries are to be opened 

 in this formation. 



Organic remains. — It not being consistent with the plan of the 

 present work to offer a series of engravings of the several fos- 

 siliferous formations of the State, I must content myself with in- 

 dulging the hope of doing justice to this interesting subject through 

 the medium of a different publication. 



Superficial Deposits. — A somewhat curious deposit of coarse 

 heterogeneous diluvium, cemented into a true conglomerate by 

 the infiltration of carbonate of lime, occurs in a bed of some ex- 

 tent, on the western side of the Flatkill, not far above its mouth, 

 resting immediately under the escarpment of the limestone. The 

 calcareous matter has acted so as to agglutinate the coarse 



