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white clay, in a bed about eight feet thick ; when dry it is very 

 nearly white, some portions of it, however, have a very slight 

 bluish tinge. It is much used in the manufacture of pottery and 

 fire bricks. The purer varieties are admirably adapted for 

 making the glaze for paper-hangings, being employed for this 

 purpose. 



About three-fourths of a mile southwest of this excavation, 

 another similar deposit is exposed in some recent diggings. The 

 clay at the latter place surpasses even that of the former in 

 whiteness, and in its exquisite smoothness of texture. 



In the descending order, the beds at this place are, first, diluvial 

 matter ten or twelve feet thick, then a layer of sand, and under 

 this again the clays between seven and eight feet thick. These 

 consist of an upper bed, somewhat sandy, but well adapted for 

 making fire bricks, two feet in depth, and a lower layer, also two 

 feet thick, remarkable for its whiteness and fine texture. This 

 latter kind is particularly esteemed for making the glaze for paper. 

 Immediately below this lies another bed of pure clay, having 

 also a fine texture. It is white with reddish or pink blotches; its 

 thickness is from three to four feet. It is an observation of the 

 workmen, that when the clay is pure the sand associated with it 

 is so likewise. 



JVhite Clay, Albion Mill. — A similar deposit of white clay and 

 sand, occurring like the last near the bottom of the series, is to 

 be seen not far from the Albion Mill, about five miles southeast of 

 Trenton. 



The clay at this spot, though moderately white and free from 

 ferruginous matter, is mingled with rather too large a proportion 

 of fine white sand, to suit it for making the better kinds of storie- 

 ware. It is not improbable, however, that its composition is 

 such as to fit it for the manufacture of good fire bricks. 



Clay Banhs of the Delaware. — About half way between Bor- 

 dentown and Burlington, beds of clay of somewhat analogous 

 composition occur along the southern shore of the Delaware, in 

 the line of cliflls called the " Clay Banks." The deposit in this 

 place presents more variety than is visible in ihe other localities 

 described. 



The clay, though in some layers nearly white, is in many places 

 slightly tinged or spotted with pink or bluish stains. It is dug to 



