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tifully stained with red, green, and other coloured blotches. 

 This, which is called peach blossom clay, is niixed with the fornner 

 sort to make a particular variety of the pottery. About a fourth 

 of a mile further to the southeast is another very extensive clay 

 bank, the property of Mr. C. Morgan. At this spot, the lowest 

 layer seen above the beach, is a variegated gray sand of un- 

 known thickness, its surface being near the level of the tide. 

 Immediately upon it rests the bed of clay, which varies in thick- 

 ness from nine to twenty-one feet. It closely resembles Churchill's 

 in composition, and is a very superior clay for making the kind 

 of pottery called stoneware. In one part of the bed the clay 

 contains a little mica in very minute scales. This is said greatly 

 to injure its value as a material for making pottery. Other 

 portions contain the dark specks supposed to be useful. Some 

 bands in this portion of the stratum are reddish, and furnish the 

 peach blossom clay. A white astringent efflorescence, probably 

 a sulphate of alumina and iron, or a kind of alum, is found upon 

 a certain layer near the upper part of the bed. This seems to be 

 derived from the decomposition of the sulphuret of iron, which 

 appears to be a characteristic component of the whole series of 

 strata of which this clay bed is a member. The upper surface of 

 the clay, though slightly undulating, is pretty nearly horizontal. 

 Immediately upon it there occurs in many places a layer of sand 

 of a few inches thickness, which contains vegetable relics, such 

 as fragments of wood completely carbonized, and in the state of 

 lignite, and also small pieces of nearly pure charcoal. Amber 

 also occurs here, called rosin by the workmen. 



Resting on the top of this layer is a bed of variegated sand, 

 streaked with white, gray, red, and other colours. This is in some 

 places ten feet thick, and over it, at various elevations, is a layer, 

 generally about two feet thick, of the tough dark-blue astringent 

 clay, showing a yellowish efflorescence of copperas upon its 

 exposed surface. It contains, as this material very frequently 

 does, a good deal of mica in minute scales, and a considerable 

 proportion of common siliceous sand. This upper bed increases 

 in thickness as we advance towards the meadows of the Cheese- 

 quakes, and southeast of Morgan's excavations none of the under- 

 lying clay has been found. In all probability it lies a little below 

 the level of the beach, though it is possible that it may either 



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