250 



sufficient, in some of the layers, to impart a decidedly green or 

 dark olive hue to the otherwise brown mass. Three layers of 

 nearly similar aspect, all differing somewhat in their hardness 

 and the proportion of oxide of iron and of the green granules, are 

 to be observed here. 



Whether this rocky stratum at Tinton Falls may not be the 

 equivalent of the brownish ferruginous sandstone with casts, 

 ■which overlies the friable marl in the Nevesinks, near the mouth 

 of Shrewsbury river, or whether it is the true marl stratum rather 

 more than usually cemented, and ferruginous, are questions which 

 it is of some importance to determine, in order to form a just 

 opinion as to the probability of meeting, at a moderate depth, the 

 valuable bed of loose greensand itself. 



Nearly upon the same horizontal line with the top of this rock, 

 and at a less distance than a fourth of a mile, a bod of sandy 

 green marl, not consolidated, shows itself very near the surface of 

 the fields upon the Monmouth road. The somewhat clayey tex- 

 ture and greenish hue of the road itself between this point and 

 Eatontown, is strongly indicative of the proximity of the marl 

 stratum to the soil. 



Poplar Swamp. — At Jacob Woolley's, Poplar Swamp, the sec- 

 tion of the marl stratum which is exposed, exhibits three separate 

 layers. The top bed is about three feet thick ; the granules are 

 of a light green, and mixed with them, is a small quantity of com- 

 mon siliceous sand. The next, or middle layer, is four feet thick, 

 of a much darker green; and the bottom bed is of a dull green- 

 ish ash colour, and contains rather less than fifty per cent, of the 

 green granules, the rest being clay and ordinary sand. Very few 

 shells occur at this locality, though bones of the fossil crocodile 

 and shark's teeth are occasionally met with. 



The middle stratum gives indications, from its darker green 

 colour and greater freedom from foreign matter of being the most 

 efficacious of the three as a marl. Astonishing results have been 

 produced by it when applied in the proportion of from seven to 

 ten loads to the acre. 



This marl lies on Poplar Brook, the source of which is about a 

 mile west of Mr. Woolley's, its entrance to the ocean being at 

 Deal. There is marl in the banks of the meadows and adjacent 

 ravines throughout nearly the whole length of the stream. 



