261 



of claws of a fossil crab, two species of haculites, teeth of the cro- 

 codile, and many interesting species of bivalve and univalve shells. 



In a deep ravine on the opposite or west side of Crosswick's 

 creek, and a little lower down than where the previous beds are 

 seen, and very near the line of an ancient Indian path, we have 

 an exhibition of a very different group of beds. 



The upper layer is a yellow sand. A little beneath this, there 

 occurs a brownish, ferruginous, sandy rock, characterized by 

 casts of the ostrea falcata, identical in all its features with the 

 stratum containing ostrea falcata, and resting high up in the cliffs 

 of the Nevesinks. Next beneath is a dark siliceous sand, with 

 casts of shells, and masses which appear to have been lignite or 

 fossil-wood, replaced by a sandy clay. This bed is very astrin- 

 gent, the surface in many places being coated with the yellow 

 efflorescence. Lower still there exists a mottled gray and yellow 

 sand, and beneath all a gray sand with lumps of what was once 

 lignite but is now clay, having all the markings and occupying 

 the place of the woody matter now removed. 



At John Miers, two miles south of the localities above de- 

 scribed, excellent marl is seen in two layers, the top one being a 

 light green, with little or no white incrustation upon the grains, 

 and this graduating into the inferior, or dark green marl, which 

 seems to be rather less friable and considerably more ferruginous. 

 The grains in the lower part of the stratum acquire, when drying 

 in the heap, the white tasteless incrustation or efflorescence so 

 common to the marls of the region, and which chemical experi- 

 ment establishes to be the sulphate of lime or gypsum. 



Marl from, the farm of John Miers, on Lahaway creek, near 



Hornerslown, Upper Freehold toivnship, Monmouth county. 



Upper part of the bed. 



Description. — Colour, light green, clayey and adhesive. The 

 washed granules, which are small, are of the same bright green 

 colour. 



Composition. — In 100 parts : 



Greensand, . - - 84-5 

 Clay, .... 14-5 

 Quartzose sand, - - 1-0 



100 



