264 



The proportion of potash in this marl by direct analysis, is 9.1 

 per cent. 



Near Arneystown, the marl is to be met with in nearly all the 

 meadows and lov/ grounds. The soil is the red or brown loam, 

 derived from the destruction of the brown ferruginous sandstone, 

 one of the principal upper beds of the secondary strata of the 

 region. 



The underlying marl does not, to my knowledge, offer either 

 the overlying light-green layer, or the still superior seam of lime- 

 stone, a fact corroborating what has been said, that these lie 

 chiefly upon the eastern or ocean side of the marl tract. The 

 dark marl here is highly effective upon the crops. 



Between Arneystown and Hornerstown, we meet the same 

 superior thick mass of calcareous sand full of organic remains ; 

 these are usually in the state of solid casts of the interior of the 

 shells. The whole corresponds to what we see nearer to Var- 

 mintown, at Mr. Lawrence's. The spot where this bed best 

 shows itself is on the hill side overlooking the meadows at Cross- 

 wick's creek, and it is thought that we may behold hero, as at 

 Lawrence's a slight dip of the strata to the southeast. Upon the 

 other side of the valley, on a level with the meadows, we meet 

 witli a gray loose sandstone full of ostrea falcata, in an undis- 

 solved and beautifully pearly condition. 



At Cookestown, a rock, equivalent to the Vincentown seam of 

 limestone, is seen lying near the level of the stream. 



At Imlaifs, where the Monmouth road crosses Crosswick's 

 creek, and about half a mile below Fuller Horner's beds, the 

 marl series is exposed at a considerable elevation above the 

 creek. Gray sand shows itself on the top, then follows a yellow 

 sand, with ferruginous bands of cemented shells, and then sand 

 with green grains, through a thickness of several feet, down to 

 the top of the pure greensand stratum. 



A light-green marl, four feet thick, full of casts of shells suc- 

 ceeds; below which lies the dark-green marl, rather coherent 

 or slightly cemented by oxide of iron, and a few shells. 



The top of this is many feet above the meadows, and I can 

 well comprehend how, by the descent of the meadows to Law- 

 rence's, space enough may exist for the siliceous beds, cha- 



