340 ■^^- Turner on Crimes and Pumjhmenfsl 



humanize our civil inftitutions. We (hall then 

 have performed a work for which pofterity will 

 regard us with gratitude j and our age will then 

 Hand a chance of ftill acquiring the fame repu- 

 tation for humanity and public fpirit, which it 

 juftly merits for the encouragement it affords to 

 improvements in the arts and fciences. 



To conclude ; It has been the objedl of this 

 difcourfe to prove, 



That the end of all punifhments is, not to tor- 

 ment a fenfible Being, but to prevent the future 

 com mi (Ron of crimes; 



That thofe only can be deemed proper Juhje^s 

 of human punifhments, who have been proved 

 guilty of offences againft the peace and good 

 order of fociety j 



That the political enormity of offences, or that 

 which fixes the proportion of their punifliment, 

 is to be eftimated by the degree of detriment 

 they occafion to the ftate ; 



That the nature of all punifliments fhould be 

 fo fuited to their refpedtive offences, as that 

 they fhall naturally tend to prevent their future 

 commiffion, by correcting the principles which 

 gave rife to them : 



That the magiftrate has no right to inflicl 

 punifliments unnecejfarily Jevere -, 



That he ought to be very fparing (if he have 

 recourfe to them at all) in the ufe of capital 

 ;punijhments -, 



And 



