168 
NOTES AND QUERIES. 
[284 §, No 9., Man. 1, °56. 
ginning of the “ Registrum Secundum” of the 
prior and convent of Durliam. On the same 
page is entered a receipt for money paid by a 
prebendary of the collegiate church of Howden, 
on December 1, 1425. John Fishburne; whose 
surname is given in connexion with the poetical 
recipe (No. 3.) was a monk of Durham, and in 
that year held the office of “ Terrarius” in thé 
convent. I also enclose two eatly recipes for 
making red and green wax, transcribed by me; 
now a long time ago, froma MS. in the British 
Museum, which once belonged to our prior, John 
Wessington (1416—1446). In one or two points 
Tam not quite sure of the accuracy of my copy ; 
but the MS. may be easily consulted, and I 
should be glad if some one on the spot would 
take that trouble.* The red wax of that period 
was, as is well known, of the most perfect and 
durable character. 
“1. Modus faciendi incaustum sine igne.—Recipe de 
gumma ix uncias, et pone in uno vase per se, cum tanta 
aqua quod gumma sit cooperta illa aqua, Item recipe de 
gallis uncias vij, et tere bene in mortario, et pone in alio 
vase per se, cum tanta aqua quod gall sint cooperte aqua 
illa; et Stént sic in madefactione per diem et noctein ad 
minus, et omnino duin gumma sit liquefacta. Et tune 
pone insimul, et move bene unam materiam cum alia cum 
uno baculo. Et tunc adde de coperos, similitér trito in 
mortario, V uncias cum illis duabus materiis, aut plus aut 
minus, secundum nigredinem quam habere volueris, et 
move bené omnia insimul, et sic simul comimixta stent 
uno die et una novte ad minus: Et seetiidum quod tibi 
videtur de spissitudine, adde aquam plus vel minus secun- 
dum exigenciam racionis. Aliqui recipiunt equaliter de 
omnibus tribus,” 
“2. Alius modus faciendi incaustum Sine igne; — In 
primis recipe de gumma quatuor uncias, et pone in uno 
vase per se, cum tanta aqua quod gumma sit cooperta 
eum illa aqua, et sic stet quousque gumma liquefiat, et 
misceatur cum aqua. Item recipe de gallis vj uncias, et 
de coppress vj uncias equaliter, et ponantur in duobus 
Vasis ut supra.” 
“3; Alius modus fuciendi incaustum citin igne. — 
Uncia gallarum mediata sit uncia gummy 
Bis duo vitrioli superaddas octo plialerni 
Memorandum quod ad unam wheiam gummy debent ap- 
poni ij uncie gallarum et iiij uncie de copross et xyj 
unciz vini sive aque, que faeiunt terciam partem unius 
quart, et sic tres libre faciunt quartam, et duodecim 
libre de aver de poys ponderant lagenam de menstira 
Dunelmensi.” 
} FYSHBORN. 
“4. Ad faciendum encaustum nigrum. = Accipe galonem 
aquie stantis vel pluvie, et libram dé gallis, et medietatem 
libre de vitriolo viridi, et tere utrumque per se in pulve- 
rem minutissime, et divide aquam illam in equali pro- 
portione, et tune pone prédietum ptlverem de gallis et 
vitriolo factum in una proportione illius aqua, vel in 
Majori quantitate. Postea accipe libram de gumma Ara- 
bica, et pone in residuo aque illius, et permitte liquefieri. 
Postea cola illud per pannum lineum, propter stramina 
et attamos, ef pone illam cum alia aqua, et move bene 
pariter, et permitte stare per septimanam unam yel per 
duas, et fit.” 
Series abet hee cine Tidy tel EG 1 
C The extract has been corrected by the Lansdowne 
“ Ad faciendum ceram rubeam vel viridem gummatam. — 
MSS. Lansdowne, 897. fol. 6, b. 
“Jn primis, cape iiij partem libre cere albe communis, 
non tamen prius operate, quam in frusta minutissima 
divisain ét inpositam in patellam zream ad hoc aptaim, ha- 
benttem unam hastam qua teneatur, liquefacta et calefacta 
prope bullionem, et depositam de igne de spuma subtiliter; 
quo facto habe parate dimidiam uncéam vermiculi electi 
minutissime pulverizati; quem pulverem impone in salsa- 
reum de electro et quasi ij cocliarea plena olei rosaici, et 
bene movendo incorpora ptlverem in oleo. Deficiente 
vero oleo rosayico, cape oleum olive per se, qaod 6léum 
sic mixtum cum pulvere funde in ceram calidam, totim 
incorporando cum cera, et dum cera sic sit calida, cum 
omni festinatione cum uno ligniculo ad opus apto sémper 
nitens in quantum poteés ne pulvis descendat ad fuindum ; 
et eciam adhie dum cera sit calida, cape fere j uhciam 
gummi vocati terbentyn, ita quod gummum cum oleo 
ponderetur j unciam vel amplius, et infunde in ceram; et 
incorpora moyendo cum ligniculo préfato, et time statin 
funde ceram in unam formulam ad hoe faetam, prits 
tamen bene madefactam; que formula fieri potest de 
lapide laterivo, vel plumbo vel lapide marmoreo; formula 
tamen illa non sit profunda, sed tenuis, ita quod possit 
statim cera frigifieri. 
“ Consimiliter fiat in toto cera viridis, et cum consimili 
porcione pulveris de vertgres et gummi predicti; daum- 
modo illud vértgres sit bonum et eleectum. Sed hota quod 
in hyeme oportet aliquantulum plus apponere de gummo 
quam in estate, quia frigiditas facit ceram aliqualiter in- 
dur@ri. Et nota quod terbintyn, de quo superius fit 
mencio, est quoddam gummum emanans de quadam ar- 
bore crescente in partibus transmarinis. Aliud vero tur- 
bintyn quod est sofisticatum, minus valet ad hoc opus. 
Item $i videatur quod cera non sit satis colorata aut gum- 
mata, potest iterum cera calefieri et addi quantum placet 
de vermiculo vel de gumma.” 2 Libro Johannis Wes- 
sington, Prioris Dunelm. 
James Raine: 
Durham. 
ILLUSTRATIONS OF MACAULAY. 
State of the Highlands. — Mr. Macaulay _has 
fiven us in his third volunie, lately published, 
some interesting particulars of the deplorable 
state.of the Highlands of Scotland about the period 
of William III., and very properly compares it 
with the splendid state of that country at the 
present time. The progress for half a century 
must have been very slow, as I find that even so 
laté as 1746, the roads, &c., were still in a misera- 
ble condition, and that the capital itself was in an 
extremely indifferent state. That such was the 
fact is fully attested in a curiows correspondence, 
preserved in the Library of the British Museum 
(the volume is numbered 17,997, Add. MSS.), 
between the Ordnance and General William Skini= 
ner, who was one of the principal engineers at 
that tite. I may here remark, that so soon as 
the rebellion of 1745 had been completely put 
down by the célebrated Duke of Cumberland, 
his royal highness wrote to the governinent, re- 
quiring an engineer officer of high standing to be 
sent to him in Seotland, for the purpose of con- 
