310 
NOTES AND QUERIES. 
[20d §, No i6., Apri 19, °56, 
formation on this subject of inquiry. To prevent 
repetitions a subjoined note* supplies various 
abbreviations which have been adopted in the 
case of those words which are of most frequent 
occurrence. 
(To be continued.) 
THE DANUBE. 
The steams-navigation of the Danube implying 
important results to the commerce of Germany 
towards the East, its rise and progress may appro- 
priately be recorded in the pages of “N. & Q.” 
These are succinctly related by the Franckfort 
correspondent of The Press newspaper of March 
29 last, in the following words: 
“Jn 1833 the proposal for a steam navigation on the 
Danube, founded on a report showing the various benefits 
of commercial and passenger traffic, was scouted with 
derision by the Austrian government, and the author of 
the scheme was declared to be insane. By perseverance, 
a company was at last formed; and funds for the build- 
ing and equipment of one boat, to ply between Vienna 
and Semlin, was grudgingly subscribed, and held to be a 
dead loss of capital. For two years it remained the 
solitary vehicle of transport, but it succeeded. In 1840 
the boats were increased to five, with an extension of 
voyage to Silistria and Galatz. In 1850 the number of 
steamers amounted to 24, and 5 tugs; making the voyage 
to Trebizond, Constantinople, Smyrna, and Trieste. In 
1854 there were 83 vessels, with 286 tugs; and in the 
last year the progress has been in proportion.” 
The mode of conducting the commerce at the 
mouth of the Danube at present is then described 
by the same writer : 
“ At the present time, the grain of Wallachia is ex- 
ported from Ibrailow, that of Moldavia from Galatz. The 
corn of Bulgaria is brought to Matchin; and that portion 
of grain from Bessarabia, that is carried to the Danube, 
is shipped from Reni and Ismail. In spite of the vaunts 
of these towns being “ free ports,” the Russian regulations, 
by the treaty of Adrianople, expressly provide every im- 
pediment to river commerce. The product of one pro- 
vince cannot be carried for shipment to the port of another 
state. For instance, corn and tallow are prevented from 
being brought from Wallachia into Galatz, and from Mol- 
davia into Ibrailow; and as all importation of grain is 
prohibited into these provinces, it follows that no corn 
coming from Turkey can be introduced or exported from 
these places. Ismail and Reni, therefore, Russian sta- 
tions, have local privileges almost conferring a monopoly 
of Danube trade; nine-tenths of which is of corn, besides 
throwing the chief supplies upon the Odessian market.” 
And yet Reni and Ismail are not on the prin- 
* Abbreviations: — D., duke; M., mayaiuis; E., earl; 
V., viscount; B., baron; Bt., baronet; B®, bishop; Ld. 
Mr., lord mayor. 
F.-d.-L., fleur-de-lis; R, T., royal, double tress. flory, 
counterflory. 2 
Fr, Eng., arms borne of France and England. 
C1 and 4), first and fourth quarter; (2 and 3), second 
and third quarter. 
Cr., crest; Sup., supporter; D., dexter; S. sinister. 
L. &., L. P., L. 8., lion rampant, passant, sejeant, &c. 
cipal mouths of the Danube. The only effectual 
mode of avoiding for the future the obstructions 
to the corn trade alluded to, is the construction of 
a canal from Rassova to Kustendji on the Black 
Sea, a distance of only forty miles ; and the esta- 
blishment on the Black Sea of a really free port 
to protect the canal. England and France are to 
make this canal, and it will be of paramount in- 
terest to Europe. 
The same writer further states, that — 
“A canal has been projected, and is in course of con- 
struction, from Deitfurth, near the Danube, to Bamberg 
on the Mein; whereby a line of communication would be 
continued from the Black Sea by the Danube, Mein, and 
Rhine, to the German Ocean.” 
Thus opening up the commerce of the interior 
of Germany to the east and the west —one result 
worthy of the late war. Henry STEPHENS. 
flinar Notes. 
The right man in the right place. — This glaring 
pleonasm has made its fortune with the lovers of 
gingle, and may preserve its currency till some 
future Lowth or Crombie shall expose its defects. 
How just soever the idea, it cannot have the 
slightest pretensions to novelty. Numerous ex- 
amples of it, more correct in expression, no doubt 
exist; and here follows a specimen from a yvo- 
lume dedicated to Samuel Pepys, esquire, in 
1694: 
“We are apt to imitate a certain prince [Louis XIV. ] 
in everything except in the most glorious and best part 
of him, viz. The encouraging and rewarding great men 
in all professions, and the promoting arts and sciences 
with his treasure —a secret which some ministers think 
not fit to practise, or perhaps may be insensible of for 
want of penetration. This makes a great figure in the 
present and future ages, covers many spots and deformi- 
ties, and secures the best heads and hands to carry on and 
effect great designs.” 
Botton Corney. 
Goéthe (like Cromwell) an intended Emigrant 
to Free America. — At a period like the present, 
when there are seventy German newspapers and 
journals published in the United States of America, 
and the German national element becomes a po- 
litical potency within that transatlantic Union, it 
will be interesting to record that our great poet, 
like the friend of John Milton, was, at one time, 
on the brink of crossing the ocean, and to seek a 
new fatherland in anew world. The passage is 
taken from Goéthe’s Wahnheit und Dichtung, and 
relates to that part of his life when his true and 
sincere (but not fate-ordained) attachment to 
Lilli, made his position at home anomalous. 
“Some kind people had told me in confidence that 
Lilli, when all the obstacles of our union were laid before 
her, had declared that for my love she was ready to re- 
nounce all present ties and advantages, and to go with 
me to America.” 
a 
