64 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 
At such localities as Stone House Creek, in Chesterfield District, the rocks assume the form 
of vast tabular masses, and are supported like lintels or architraves, forming commodious shel- 
ters for cattle; and tradition even says that persons, during the Revolutionary troubles, followed 
their daily avocations in these natural houses. They are the result of horizontal joints in the 
rocks: the lower portion crumbles away, leaving the roof projecting, or supported on pillars, as 
described. 
West of Edgefield Court House, near Martin Town, granite is seen in rounded masses, and in 
disintegrated beds on the road side, where it seems to have protruded through the slates. At Rich- 
ardsonville another extensive exposure occurs. In Fairfield, below Ruff’s Ferry, a fine sienitic 
granite crosses the river. The mica, when present, is black, and curiously distributed ; and, con- 
trasted with the white feldspar, it gives the mass a striking appearance. It is doubtless intrusive, 
for it appears again at Montecello, associated with the Trap rocks of that locality. Although it 
appears at the surface, in some places quite hard, itis found on the plantation of the Rev. Mr. 
Davis, so entirely disintegrated as to offer but little resistance to the spade. Around Winnsboro’ it 
passes into gneiss. 
The road from Dutchman’s Creek towards Sawney’s Creek, on the Wateree, passes a granitic 
ridge, intersected by wide veins of quartz, which are seen near the mill, protruded through the 
slates that cover the granite on the creek. 
A few miles farther up the river from this point, a beautiful porphyritic granite occurs. The 
feldspar of this fine rock is grey and flesh-color—the latter predominating, determines the color of 
the mass. The large black crystals of mica give the whole the appearance of sienite. Specimens 
from this interesting locality may be seen in the base of the DeKalb Monument, at Camden. 
At Liberty Hill and at various other places in Kershaw, rounded blocks of coarse granite are 
seen, as if pushed up through the sand, where they are not covered by the talcose slates of the 
gold formation. 
On Buffalo Creek, in Chesterfield District, a rock similar to the DeKalb Granite may be seen, 
which is much used for mill-stones. ‘The ground is grey and the embedded crystals reddish. 
About thirty-six or forty miles from Columbia, a granite occurs, in Newberry District, that claims 
special notice. A few miles from the Edgefield line, and two or three from the Saluda, a coarse 
feldspathic granite rises into a conspicuous hill, which has lifted the slates on each side, giving 
them an N.and 8. dip. For some distance beyond this it continues, till it passes into a fine- 
grained rock of uniform color, having the materials distributed equally, which give the rock, at a 
distance, the appearance of a coarse variety of marble. It splits readily into pieces of any required 
size, and is dressed with ease. I saw, on the spot, lintels fifteen feet in length, one foot wide and 
six inches thick. It has not been explored beyond the weathered masses, that cover the surface 
over an area of five or six square miles. 
[ have already alluded to the granite found in the south-east corner of Abbeville, between 
Swansey’s Ferry and Cambridge. The Court House also stands upon a bed of disintegrated 
granite. 
Between Laurens Court House and the mountain shoals of the Enoree, granite, both solid and 
disintegrated, is seen along the road, 
